In order to broaden the frequency variation range of nonlinear energy sink (NES), based on the principle of negative stiffness, a negative stiffness system is constructed by pre-compression springs, and a horizontal negative stiffness NES shock absorber is designed. Numerical simulation of negative stiffness NES shock absorber using ABAQUS finite element software to analyze the effects of length-width ratio of spring stroke, pre-compression, stiffness and damping ratio on the seismic performance of negative stiffness NES shock absorber in the state of no friction on the guide rod and no lateral buckling of the spring. The results show that increasing the pre-compression of the spring can improve the seismic performance of the shock absorber under the condition of fixed length-width ratio of spring stroke; under the condition of fixed spring pre-compression, as the length-width ratio of spring stroke increases, the bearing capacity of the shock absorber gradually decreases, and the seismic performance decreases. The increase in spring rate and damping ratio can significantly increase the bearing capacity of the shock absorber and improve the seismic performance. The research results provide a reference for the engineering application of negative stiffness NES.

Aiming at the problems of lack of domestic cement pavement disease detection data sets, small scale, single scene, and insufficient generalization ability of deep learning algorithms in complex scenes, a pavement disease detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5 is proposed. A cement pavement disease detection dataset containing 11 862 images was collected and constructed, covering 3 most common disease types in 9 scenarios. The prior anchor frame of model training is obtained by combining the K-Means clustering algorithm measured by IoU and genetic algorithm. In the feature enhancement stage, a lightweight upsampling module (CARAFE) is introduced to reduce the information loss in the feature recombination process. A multi-dimensional collaborative attention module (MCA) considering channel, height and width dimensions is introduced to enhance the discrimination of multi-scale disease features. The experimental results show that under the premise of maintaining fast inference speed, the average of F ₁ score and average precision (mAP) of the proposed algorithm reach 75.5% and 81.6%, respectively, which are better than the five mainstream target detection algorithms. The example analysis shows that the pavement disease detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv5 can meet the actual needs of large-scale cement pavement disease intelligent detection and damage condition evaluation.

To explore the mechanism of pull-out group anchor effect of anti-floating anchor rods and improve the anti-lifting bearing capacity of anti-floating anchor rods. A micromechanical model for the pull-out bearing capacity of anti-floating anchor rods was established using contact mechanics methods, and a discrete element model was established using particle flow theory to analyze the mechanical properties between anti-floating anchor rods and rock and soil under different working conditions. The results show that when the distance between anchor piles is 4D, 6D, and 8D, both axial stress and shear stress show an initial increase followed by a decrease, and finally tend to stabilize. As the pile spacing increases, the axial stress between the anti-floating anchor rods shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. As variation time step increases, the porosity at different positions shows a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing. The analysis method based on particle size model can effectively analyze the group anchoring effect of anti-floating anchor rods, providing technical means for underground structural engineering construction and safety management.

In order to improve the recognition effect of tree line grounding fault detection in power system, an improved YOLOv8 model is proposed. The model enhances the feature representation ability by inserting the SimAM attention mechanism, and uses the GIoU loss function to improve the accuracy of the bounding box prediction and improve the fault recognition performance of the model in complex environments. In order to verify the performance of the improved YOLOv8 model, the ablation experiment, the insertion position change experiment of the SimAM attention mechanism module, the loss function selection experiment, and the comparison experiment with other recognition models are carried out. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv8 model has the highest recognition accuracy, recall rate and average accuracy. The model effectively improves the recognition accuracy of the tree-line grounding fault detection image and provides support for the intelligent operation and maintenance of transmission lines.

In order to explore an effective way to promote the dewatering of fine coal slime efficiently and quickly, multiple sets of parallel tests were carried out by using the modified hollow cylindrical torsion shear apparatus, and the dewatering process and effect of fine coal slime under the continuous action of 3 loads, the simultaneous action of 2 loads and the simultaneous action of 3 loads were compared. The experimental results show that the best dehydration scheme for continuous action is extrusion-vibration-electroosmotic; the effect of vibration dehydration is better when the extrusion pressure is small or the early stage of dehydration is better, the time required for vibration dehydration is shorter, and the vibration dehydration effect is the best when the frequency is close to the natural frequency of the solid. The effect of electroosmosis is better in the later stage of extrusion pressure or dehydration. On the basis of single extrusion, each additional dehydration measure will produce new dehydration amount and reduce the dehydration time. The dehydration effect of continuous action under the same load level is not as good as that of simultaneous action.

To investigate the deformation and embedment depth of cantilever steel sheet pile walls considering the passive resistance at the pile base, a comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted, coupled with extensive calculations for cantilever pile excavation support systems. It was observed that a reverse bending point exists at the base of the cantilever steel sheet piles. The position of the inflection point was solved according to the bending moment equilibrium equation of the soil pressure on the pile. The retaining structure was subsequently divided into three sections based on the excavation bottom and the reverse bending point, and deformation and force analyses were performed for each section. Differential equations governing the deflection and bending of each pile segment were established. By applying boundary and continuity conditions, the deflection equations for each pile segment were solved, leading to the determination of the embedment depth for cantilever steel sheet piles. The research resultes indicate that the locations of reverse bending points exhibit certain regularities across different soil layers and excavation depths. The proposed modification method not only accounts for the passive soil resistance below the reverse bending point but also aligns more closely with the actual force conditions experienced by cantilever steel sheet piles, resulting in safer and the calculation results are safer.

To investigate the permeability characteristics of coal under different confining pressures and hydraulic loads, SEM micro-scan images and a binary analysis system were used. Based on the fractal characteristics of pore and fracture networks, a model was developed to simulate the porosity and static permeability of the coal rock. Dynamic permeability tests under different water pressures and confining pressures were conducted using a GDS-DYNTTS soft rock rheometer. The research results show that by using reasonable fractal dimensions based on the microstructure images and permeability model, realistic static permeability values can be obtained. Under the coupling of fixed water pressure and different confining pressures, the coal exhibite three different stages of permeability: the stage of pore compression closure, the stage of slow pore deformation release, and the stage of rapid pore deformation recovery. When the confining pressure exceeds 6 MPa, the sensitivity of permeability to water pressure was relatively low. However, when the confining pressure was below 4 MPa, the permeability increase exponentially with increasing water pressure. Under dynamic coupling conditions, the overall trend of coal permeability showed two distinct features: a plateau period and a rapid increase period. The research results provide references for understanding water inflow paths, estimating water quantities in coal seams after mining-induced stress relief, and predicting water inrush risks.

To address the challenges associated with inaccurate target edge segmentation, motion speed, and motion direction, this paper introduces an optical flow estimation network that leverages local correlation information between video frames. Initially, the network employs a feature encoder to extract encoding features from the image and capture contextual information through a context network. Subsequently, the feature size is reduced through downsampling to enhance computational efficiency. Given the minute displacement of the optical flow image across consecutive frames, a partition-based visual similarity computation method is proposed to construct a more refined 4D correlation volume. Residual filters and similar convolution blocks are utilized for processing the correlation volume and optical flow information, respectively, ensuring the preservation of local small displacement details. The research results show that the optical flow estimation network based on the local correlation information between video frames has achieved optimizations of 8.0% and 5.7% respectively in the optical flow estimation evaluation metric (endpoint error, EPE). This significantly improves the accuracy of optical flow estimation and effectively alleviates the problem of inaccurate optical flow information extraction in complex scenarios. The research conclusions provide references for fields such as autonomous driving and intelligent security.

To reveal the creep mechanical properties of sandstone and mudstone fillers under different mix proportions, shear creep tests were conducted on sandstone and mudstone fillers under different mix proportions. The experiment found that the stress-strain curve of the filling material exhibited obvious nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, a viscoelastic modulus reflecting different mix proportions and load times was defined to describe the viscoelastic deformation of the filling material. A unsteady elastic body was established to describe the instantaneous elastic deformation, and an SP element was introduced to construct a unsteady viscoplastic body to characterize the viscoplastic deformation. Thus, a nonlinear creep mechanical model of sandstone and mudstone filling material under different mix proportions was obtained. Simultaneously the new model and the basic model were used to simulate the creep test data of fillers, and verify that the new model is reasonable and feasible. The research conclusions provide a reference for the long-term stability evaluation of wharf sand-mudstone mixed filler foundation.

为了更加准确地描述露天矿矿用卡车的失效规律，提高可靠性分析的准确性，构建了一种新的alpha变换。在此基础上，提出了一种四参数修正q-威布尔分布模型，并采用蜣螂优化算法与极大似然估计相结合的方式对模型的参数进行估计。通过实例对比验证了使用修正q-威布尔分布模型评估矿用卡车可靠性的合理性和有效性。数值试验结果表明，利用修正q-威布尔分布模型对矿用卡车故障间隔时间进行分析，制定相应的预防性维修周期能够更好地保障矿用卡车安全、稳定运行。

针对虚拟同步发电机控制的构网型储能变流器难以随意改变虚拟惯量、暂态支撑系统频率能力不足的问题，在传统构网型储能变流器惯量自适应控制的基础上，提出一种计及混合储能系统中超级电容器荷电状态的惯量二次调整方法，通过控制不同类型电池出力以响应频率扰动信号中的高、低频分量，实现对系统的有功支撑。构建了RTLAB硬件在环实验平台，对比分析不同惯量控制策略。结果表明，所提策略既能防止超级电容器过充、过放，又能改善超级电容器瞬态过程的输出特性，有效提升构网型储能变流器暂态支撑能力。

为实现管道裂纹缺陷的有效检测，提出一种基于交变电磁场的裂纹检测方法，实现不同走向裂纹的有效检测。建立交变电磁场检测数学模型，结合“U”型传感器的基本结构研究交变电磁场的检测原理，分析管道表面产生的电磁场分布规律；通过有限元仿真提取周向与轴向裂纹引起的畸变磁场信号并进行特征分析；搭建实验平台，通过实验验证裂纹缺陷深度对检测信号的影响。研究结果表明：“U”型检测结构能够对管道表面周、轴向裂纹进行有效检测；当存在周向裂纹时，交流漏磁场起主导检测作用，当存在轴向裂纹时，涡流起主导检测作用，可根据二者z轴分量呈反向的信号特征实现裂纹走向的判断。研究结论为管道裂纹检测提供了新思路。

In order to analyze and optimize the design scheme of anchoring bolts for super-long cantilever steel supports, a calculation model for the cross-sectional stress of each anchoring bolt under variable parameter conditions was established. The continuous change process of the cross-sectional stress of all anchoring bolts of two kinds of super-long cantilever steel supports was simulated, and the influence mechanism of parameter changes on the cross-sectional stress of bolts was analyzed. Based on the principle of minimum stress of each bolt cross section, the design scheme of cantilever steel support is optimized and applied to practical engineering. The calculated stress of the bolts of each anchoring device was compared with the simulated stress of COMSOL, and the stress distribution cloud map was obtained. The numerical calculation results show that no matter the super-long cantilever steel support is fixed on the column or the beam, when the diagonal bracing beam is fixed at the 3/4 length position of the extended beam, the maximum normal stress combination and the average shear stress combination of all the anchorage bolt cross sections are the smallest. The average shear stress of the bolt cross section of the fixed section of the horizontal beam is the largest, and the maximum normal stress of the bolt cross section of the diagonal bracing beam is the largest. The research results can provide guidance for the design of super-long cantilever steel support and its anchorage device.

To study the mechanical effects of the arch cover method in the construction of large-span underground subway station with upper soft and lower hard excavation, taking the construction of Southeast Mountain Station on Dalian Metro Line 4 as the research background, a research method adjoining numerical simulation and on-site monitoring was adopted. MIDAS-GTS/NX finite element software was used to study deformation and stability of surrounding rock and contrastive analysis with on-site measured data. The research results indicate that surface subsidence shows a decreasing trend from the centerline of the station to both sides, and the affected region is about twice the excavation skip distance of the station. The variant and stress of country rock have apparent symmetrical characteristics, the surrounding rock of the arch is mainly caused by settlement, while the high side wall is mainly uplift, the arch spans invades towards the tunnel clearance, the large arch foot invades towards the surrounding rock; the von mises stress of the country rock is under compression, and there is a phenomenon of concentration of stresses at the closed angle of the arch foot; the location of the plastic region of the country rock change continuously with the build of the depot, and ultimately funnel into the high side walls. The verification of surface settlement is predicted using the Peck formula, and the feasibility of using the arch cover method for construction in upper soft and lower hard strata is verified, which provides a reference for similar practical projects.

针对煤矿火烧岩台阶爆破效果不理想问题，通过理论分析、数值模拟、实验室实验与现场试验相结合的方法，以大南湖二号露天煤矿为例，研究火烧岩的物理力学特性、爆破破碎机理以及影响爆破的因素，优化爆破参数。研究表明：岩体在高温作用后强度变低、易破碎、裂隙极发育。爆破时，若裂隙方向与应力波传播方向平行，会产生应力集中现象；若裂隙方向与应力波传播方向不平行，则在裂隙处会发生应力波反射与折射现象，缩短应力波作用时间，加剧炮孔周围岩体的破碎程度。采用泥浆护孔能够提高火烧岩台阶的成孔率，结合火烧岩爆破破碎机理优化爆破方案，通过现场爆破试验，验证了优化后爆破参数的适用性。

合理高效地原位开采油页岩资源对缓解常规油气资源枯竭具有重要的战略意义。鉴于目前油页岩现场原位开采的不确定性和工艺复杂性，物理模拟试验成为了研究油页岩原位开采热解及传热机制的有效手段。通过查阅大量文献发现：油页岩原位开采模拟试验装置由毫米（颗粒）尺寸向厘米、米级（现场）大型尺寸迭代升级，各种大型多功能三轴智能化试验系统已研制成功。试验研究了温度、应力和共热物质对油页岩热解的影响，分析了油气产物、孔缝结构和渗透率演化特征，形成了具有我国特色的油页岩原位开采研究体系。针对新形势下油页岩原位开采研究存在的不足，对未来的研究方向提出建议和展望，旨在完善油页岩原位开采研究体系，早日实现油页岩大规模原位开采。

为探究植被覆盖度与地区生产总值的耦合协调发展对城市生态文明建设的作用，以长三角、京津冀和珠三角48个城市为研究对象，构建植被覆盖度与地区生产总值的耦合协调度模型，并运用Theil-SenMedian趋势分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验以及地理探测器模型，揭示2000—2020年3个城市群植被覆盖度与地区生产总值的耦合发展变化及其驱动因素。研究结果表明：3个城市群植被覆盖度与地区生产总值主要呈波动型增长，且二者发展状态不平衡。植被覆盖度与地区生产总值耦合协调度基本由极度失调转变为高度耦合，呈稳步上升趋势。土地利用类型和夜间灯光数据是影响城市群植被覆盖度与地区生产总值协调度的主要驱动力，二氧化碳排放量与高程之间交互作用解释力最高，达到67%。研究结论为城市经济与生态文明建设协调发展提供参考。

针对北斗三号系统（BDS-3）全星座、多频率差分定位相关研究不足等问题，构建基于多频观测值的载波相位差分定位模型，并利用连续运行参考站（CORS）网络的实测数据以及实测车载动态数据对算法进行验证。研究表明：在静态定位模式下，双频组合中的B1CB2a在定位精度上表现最佳，与B1CB2a相比，三频组合B1CB2a B3I在N、E、U三个方向的定位精度分别提高了16%～41%、2%～62%、7%～47%；在动态定位模式下，三频组合B1CB2a B3I在N、E、U三个方向的定位精度分别提高了53%～61%、52%～75%、51%～53%。B1CB2a、B1CB2aB3I可分别在静态、动态定位模式下实现厘米级、亚米级的定位精度以及模糊度的快速准确固定，显著提高定位系统的性能和可靠性，在智能交通、无人机导航、精准农业等领域具有广阔的应用前景。

为探究采空区遗煤自燃“三带”分布及采空区内有害气体分布情况，利用“Fluent+UDF”对陕西韩家湾煤矿213109工作面采空区“三带”分布、流场特性开展数值模拟研究。采空区被认为是多孔介质，多孔介质孔隙度、多孔介质区域黏滞阻力和惯性阻力、遗煤氧化耗氧量、有害气体涌出量等参数通过用户自定义方程计算。研究结果表明：工作面及采空区遗煤可划分为散热带、氧化带、窒息带；以氧浓度0.07≤C≤0.18为氧化带指标时，从进风巷侧到回风巷侧，氧化带宽度由23 m扩大到40 m，最终在回风巷侧缩减至13 m，回风巷侧氧化带范围小于进风巷，窒息带区域最大。随着高度的增加，氧化带区域整体向进风巷入口方向移动，覆盖区域先增大后减小。

为从细观层面深入研究沉桩施工对地基土位移及应力的影响规律，对地基土的细观参数进行标定并利用离散元法开展沉桩施工数值模拟。研究结果表明：沉桩会导致桩周土体侧移和隆起。随着沉桩深度的增加，桩周土体隆起范围不断扩大，地基土中的接触力以及桩端阻力均不断增大，且增长速度先快后慢。沉桩施工对桩周土体的横向应力影响较大，最大横向应力出现位置与沉桩深度密切相关。随着地基土与桩体水平距离的增大，沉桩施工对桩周土体竖向应力的影响逐渐减弱。研究成果为桩基础工程施工与离散元模拟提供参考。

针对注浆材料性能较差的问题，制备高性能改性超细水泥基注浆材料。为探究改性超细水泥基注浆材料在裂隙中的扩散规律，以光滑平板裂隙和注浆材料为研究对象，建立静水条件下的二维对称模型和动水条件下的三维裂隙平板模型并开展数值模拟，推导浆液扩散方程，分析不同注浆速率下浆液在裂隙中流动的扩散峰面及压力场变化规律。研究结果表明：在静水条件下，随着扩散距离的增大，浆液压力损失逐渐增大；在动水条件下，浆液压力损失与浆液黏度成正相关关系，与扩散距离成二次函数关系，与时间、屈服应力和裂隙开度成负相关关系；水头压力不变时，注浆速率越大，浆液扩散半径越大，压力场越大，注浆封堵效果越好；浆液压强衰减的幅度在顺水方向变化最大，在逆水方向变化最小。研究结果为现场注浆施工工艺提供理论参考。

为解决传统机器学习方法在泥石流堆积扇识别中的精度低、效果差的问题，提出一种基于深度学习的残差注意力可分离UNet算法（RAMS-UNet）。该算法在编码部分采用VGG16主干网络进行特征提取，加深网络层次；在跳跃连接部分引入改进的注意力机制，强化信息传递；在解码部分使用深度可分离卷积和密集连接块，进一步增强空间和通道上的信息表达能力。研究结果表明：与其他算法相比，RAMS-UNet算法对泥石流堆积扇的分割精度更高，m IoU、m PA、PA和F1指数等评价指标均显著提升。RAMS-UNet算法突破了传统方法在泥石流堆积扇识别中的局限性，为泥石流灾害评估提供了更加精准的信息支持。

为揭示青海黄河流域泥石流空间格局和易发性变化趋势，利用耦合地理探测器的信息量模型量化控制因子对研究区泥石流的空间解释力和不同极端降雨情景下泥石流的易发性。研究结果表明：泥沙连通度、大于10 mm降雨日数、连续3日最大降雨量和地层岩性是决定泥石流空间格局的关键因子。当前情景下泥石流极高和高易发区主要集中在东北部和中部的陡峭山区；极端降雨情境下，极高和高易发性的新增区域主要集中在北部、南部山地以及中部的阿尼玛卿雪山两侧。研究结果可为该地区的泥石流防灾减灾工作提供参考。

为分析某金属带式无级变速器（CVT）振动产生机理，采用集中参数法建立双级行星齿轮非线性扭转动力学模型，应用四阶龙格库塔方法进行动态响应求解，利用ADAMS软件进行动力学仿真，对动态响应进行验证，进行CVT振动台架试验测试。研究结果表明：四阶龙格库塔方法与ADAMS动态仿真得到的动态响应结果基本一致；台架试验结果表明前进挡转速为2500r/min时，低速挡输入轴轴向位置的振动加速度最大为0.623m/s²，转速为1 000 r/min时，低速挡输入轴轴向位置的加速度最大为0.309 m/s²；倒挡工况下，转速为2 500 r/min时，倒挡输入轴轴向位置的振动加速度最大为0.703 m/s²，转速1 000 r/min时，倒挡输入轴轴向位置的加速度最大为0.504 m/s²；倒挡工况下的振动加速度幅值比前进挡高12.85%；倒挡阶次谱中54.4阶和108.8阶振动信号最为明显，挡位切换过程中双级行星齿轮啮合次数增多，啮合间隙是CVT在倒挡动力传递中振动增大的主要原因。

为研究振动排水条件下软黏土的渗透特性，采用振动排水固结仪和变水头渗透试验装置，对软黏土进行振动排水条件下的渗透试验，分析了荷载幅值、频率以及孔隙比对软黏土渗透性的影响规律。研究结果表明：软黏土的渗透系数随着加载时间的增加呈现先减小后增大再减小的趋势；随着载荷幅值的增大，渗透系数的增幅亦相应增大；不同频率下的渗透系数在加载中期增幅不同，1Hz时对应的增幅最高；提出了适用于振动排水条件下e-k非线性表达式，渗透系数随着孔隙比的减小而减小。研究结论可为振动排水固结法的设计及应用提供参考。

为解决在目标领域推荐过程中用户与物品交互数据的稀疏性问题，提出一种新的跨域推荐模型。将辅助领域中的知识迁移到目标域中，基于前馈神经网络分别获得评分信息与评论文本信息的域独有特征；通过采用基于神经网络的特征提取器与基于向量嵌入的域鉴别器融合后的对抗模型，获得评分信息与评论文本信息的域共享特征；再基于多层注意力机制将域独有特征与域共享特征进行融合，从而获得用户对物品的兴趣度。研究结果表明：对于两种经典的推荐评价性能指标，所提出的模型在Amazon数据集上可以获得更好的推荐性能。

针对齐大山铁矿东帮边坡空间形态优化问题，在分析边坡工程地质条件的基础上，将极限平衡法与数值模拟法相结合，评价原设计到界边坡稳定性，优化设计到界边坡的形态参数，探讨追踪距离对边坡三维稳定性的影响规律。研究结果表明：采用逐水平优化方法设计的到界边坡角为46°，每阶段的边坡二维稳定性系数均满足安全储备系数要求；边坡的三维稳定性系数与追踪距离呈负相关指数函数关系，当追踪距离为50 m时，齐大山铁矿东帮到界边坡角可设计为48°，整体边坡角提高了2°，经济效益显著。

为了解体心立方构型磁性薄膜的自旋波行为，在海森堡模型的框架下，构建具有4个子格体心结构的三层磁性系统，该系统内部符合亚铁磁构型。利用线性自旋波理论和推迟格林函数的方法求解系统的哈密顿量，通过谱定理计算得到自旋波谱。基于控制变量法，研究各物理参量对系统能隙和共振频率的影响。研究结果表明：层间各向异性对系统能隙和共振频率都存在相对较小的影响，而自旋量子数和交换耦合作用对系统中个别几条能隙和共振频率影响显著。研究结论为相关自旋电子器件的优化提供理论参考。

为分析叠交地铁施工中既有隧道变形的影响因素，依托苏州市轨道交通S1线工程S1-TS-05标段，针对在砂质淤泥质土层中盾构上穿施工导致的既有隧道的沉降与变形，采用数值模拟方法分析隧道几何参数、空间位置、地层参数等因素对既有隧道的影响，结合现场监测验证数值计算的准确性。研究结果表明：在砂质淤泥质土层盾构上穿施工中，既有隧道的位移和管片变形以竖向沉降为主，且沉降量随着盾构直径的增大而增大，随着覆土层厚度、新旧隧道净距、下穿角度，以及地层弹性模量的增大而减小。现场监测数据与模拟结果较为吻合，既有隧道位移与距叠交中心距离呈负相关关系。研究结论可为同类型地层条件下叠交地铁隧道盾构施工变形控制提供参考。

针对方面级情感分析利用注意力机制和传统深度学习方法提取方面词与上下文之间的联系时，未充分考虑句法依存信息及关系标签导致预测效果不佳的问题，提出一种基于关系图注意力网络的分析模型。利用DeBERTa预训练模型进行词嵌入，并将初始词向量进行多头注意力计算以增强方面词与上下文信息之间的关系。通过图注意力网络学习句法信息中的关系标签特征，借助这些关系标签特征进一步提取句法信息中方面词和上下文之间的联系，增强模型对于情感特征的提取能力。SemEval-2014数据集的实验测试结果表明，所提出模型的准确率和Macro-F1均优于对比模型。

为提高煤矿尘雾图像的可观测性，提出一种基于全局双约束的Retinex算法的尘雾图像增强算法（GCFCDL-Retinex）。首先，将输入图像进行内外循环，训练聚类和稀疏双重约束下的过完备字典，对图像中的噪声分量进行抑制；然后，通过Retinex算法对照度分量和反射分量进行估计及提取，并对提取的照度分量进行自适应Gamma校正；最后输出增强后的图像。研究结果表明：在煤矿井下的复杂环境中，所提出的图像增强算法能够有效提高矿井下尘雾图像的对比度和清晰度，去除真实粉尘，同时抑制图像光晕、边缘模糊的现象，增强后的图像色彩自然，视觉效果明显提升。研究结论为矿井下视频监控清晰化的工程应用提供理论依据。

为提高目标6D姿态追踪网络的收敛能力和追踪精度，提出一种基于少量数据驱动的目标6D姿态追踪复用预测网络。以当前时刻的彩色及深度（red green blue and depth,RGB-D）图像和上一时刻的目标渲染值作为输入，通过2个独立的特征编码器提取特征矩阵，在特征编码器中引入通道注意力机制模块，保证有选择性地调整通道信息的权重；构建复用预测网络模块，将特征矩阵解耦得到旋转矩阵，通过旋转矩阵前向传播与特征矩阵融合，将融合的结果再次解耦得到物体6D姿态的旋转矩阵与平移矩阵，并采用李代数方法通过2个矩阵计算出目标的6D姿态。实验结果表明：在使用少量数据训练网络模型的情况下，与MaskFusion、“TEASER++”和se(3)-Tracknet等方法相比，所提方法能够提高目标6D姿态追踪的准确率。

针对带钢表面缺陷检测中的漏检和精度较低问题，提出一种融合swin-transformer和坐标注意力（coordinateattention,CA）模块的改进YOLOv5模型检测方法。在YOLOv5模型的主干网络中引入swin-transformer特征提取模块，使主干网络更聚焦于图像全局特征信息的提取；在特征融合网络输出分支末端嵌入CA模块，进一步增强目标缺陷方向和位置信息的敏感度。研究结果表明：改进模型在NEU-DET数据集上的平均精度值（m AP）达到了77.6%，较原YOLOv5模型提高了3个百分点。改进模型提升了带钢表面缺陷检测精度，具有更好的缺陷检测能力。

为提高白云母超细磨的效率，采用皮尔森相关系数分析超细磨效率与各参数之间的敏感性，并建立BP神经网络模型对白云母的超细磨正交试验参数进行优化。研究结果表明：各参数对超细磨效率敏感程度由大到小依次为瓷球级配、搅拌速率、助磨剂种类、超细磨时间和助磨剂用量。利用BP神经网络优化后的工艺参数进行超细磨试验，可获得-13μm粒级质量分数为83.04%的白云母，与正交试验最佳点相比提高了2.19%，所建模型可提高白云母超细磨效率，且预测精度较高。研究结论为超细白云母粉体的高效制备提供参考。

为揭示钢纤维掺量对超高性能混凝土（UHPC）轴压力学性能的影响规律，以钢纤维掺量为控制变量开展UHPC轴压试验并进行本构模拟。研究表明：UHPC受压应力-应变曲线由上升段和下降段组成；掺加钢纤维后，UHPC受压应力-应变曲线的下降段变缓；随着钢纤维掺量的增加，UHPC的受压弹性模量、峰值应力、峰值应变均呈递增趋势；假定UHPC受压损伤区服从Weibull随机分布，构建损伤变量，引入损伤修正因子，建立一种新的考虑钢纤维掺量的UHPC受压损伤模型并分析损伤变量发展规律，利用UHPC轴压试验数据验证新建模型的可靠性。研究成果为不同钢纤维掺量下UHPC轴压力学性能的研究及本构模拟提供参考。

针对X射线在违禁品检测任务中安检图像色彩存在对比度低、检测精度低、极易出现漏检错检的问题，在快速区域卷积神经网络（Faster R-CNN）算法基础上，通过K-means聚类算法改进锚框（Anchor）的生成方式；提出将高效通道注意力机制（ECANet）引入到感兴趣池化层（ROIpooling）后，突出违禁品的轮廓、色彩等信息。本文算法在S＿DXray数据集上的m AP达到92.06%，改进后网络模型检测精度提高5.06个百分点。有效提高X射线图像违禁品检测的精度和小尺度目标的检测能力，有效避免错检、漏检的现象。

为解决煤矿高粉尘、低照度、高噪声与堆叠等复杂环境因素导致的煤矸识别精度低、漏检与误检问题，提出一种基于KRB-YOLOv5s算法的煤矸识别方法。采用K均值聚类（K-means++）算法对数据集进行重新聚类，以得到更精准的锚框参数；在YOLOv5s主干网络中引入大核卷积结构重参数（RepLKNet）网络，通过大核卷积架构提取目标更高层级的特征信息；在YOLOv5s颈部引入加权双向特征金字塔（Bi FPN）网络，通过双向跨尺度连接对目标多尺度特征进行快速捕捉与融合。在煤矸数据集上开展实验，结果表明：与其他YOLO系列检测算法相比，KRB-YOLOv5s算法在高粉尘、低照度、高噪声与堆叠工况下的综合检测性能最佳，识别精度均值（m AP）达94.5%，比YOLOv5s算法提高了3.3个百分点。研究结论为煤矿复杂工况下煤矸智能分选提供参考。

为研究甘肃省内北斗导航卫星系统（BDS）精密单点定位（PPP）性能，提出一种单北斗及包含北斗的多系统组合精度分析方法，并分析BDS对地震中连续运行参考站（CORS）位移监测的可行性。基于甘肃省北斗卫星导航定位基准站网实测多频多模观测数据，结合相位偏差改正模型，采用无电离层组合模糊度固定（AR）算法，从定位精度、卫星空间分布及位置精度因子（PDOP）等多方面评估定位结果，利用静态和动态PPP-AR计算临夏积石山地震震中LXJS测站位移变化量。研究结果表明：单北斗BDS-3 (B3)定位精度优于B2/B3和B2，多系统组合GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BDS-3 (G/R/E/B3)优于G/R/E/B2/B3和G/R/E/B2；多系统组合G/R/E/B3优于单北斗B3,Up方向定位精度至少提升了40%；由于B2受空间卫星分布不均匀、卫星轨道及钟差误差较大等因素影响，单北斗B2/B3和多系统组合G/R/E/B2/B3出现了PDOP值减小而定位精度下降的现象。研究结论为毫米级地震位移监测提供参考。

为优化超高性能混凝土（UHPC）加固层布设并提升其性能，采用数值模拟及试验对比方法，分别利用无配筋UHPC、普通配筋UHPC、预应力UHPC加固损伤RC空心板梁，研究不同加固状态下梁体的受力性能及加固层厚度、长度、预应力对梁体加固效果的影响。研究结果表明：与普通配筋UHPC加固相比，预应力UHPC加固能改善梁体应力状态，有效地约束裂缝的发展，极大地提高被加固空心板梁的承载力和刚度，梁体的开裂载荷、屈服载荷和抗弯极限承载力均提升显著，加固防护更加高效耐久；对比分析加固层厚度、长度、预应力等参数变化，提出加固层优化建议。研究结果可为UHPC加固损伤梁体设计提供参考。

为研究露天矿倾斜煤层下横采内排追踪压帮边坡稳定性控制开采方法，以准东露天矿首采区东帮边坡为工程背景，采用二维与三维相结合的方法，基于极限平衡法和数值模拟方法对东帮边坡稳定性进行分析，确定内排压帮的最优追踪距离；基于内排空间利用最大化的工程条件，建立排土线布置的数学表达式，确定采场和内排土场工作线布置方案。研究结果表明：首采区东帮边坡稳定性与追踪距离、边坡角呈负相关，内排压帮的最优追踪距离为50 m，内排工作线布置方向为22°；与内排土场工作线与采场工作线平行发展方案相比，安全与经济效益提升显著。研究结果可为露天煤矿内排追踪压帮技术提供新的解决方案。