3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR）在肝脏疾病中的作用

曾阳玲, 王运踊, 关海梅, 王恬雯, 谢宝华, 李国宝, 张日云, 王挺帅, 毛德文

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临床肝胆病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05) : 983-990. DOI: 10.12449/JCH250527
综述

3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR）在肝脏疾病中的作用

作者信息 +

The role of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in liver diseases

Author information +
History +

摘要

胆固醇是细胞膜生物合成、细胞增殖与分化不可或缺的分子，肝脏在体内胆固醇代谢中扮演着核心角色，负责胆固醇的合成、摄取、分泌与转运等关键功能。肝脏中胆固醇合成的起始环节尤为重要，其异常与多种肝脏疾病的发展密切相关。研究表明，3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR）作为胆固醇生物合成中的关键限速酶，其控制特性明确，已被证实为多种肝脏疾病调控的重要靶点。本文将简要回顾胆固醇代谢的过程、HMGCR的降解与调控机制，以及抑制剂的应用，同时探讨HMGCR在多种肝脏疾病中的作用，旨在为科研和临床防治肝脏疾病提供新思路。

Abstract

Cholesterol is an essential molecule for the biosynthesis of cell membranes and cell proliferation and differentiation，and the liver plays a central role in cholesterol metabolism and is responsible for the synthesis，uptake，secretion，and transport of cholesterol. The initial stages of cholesterol synthesis in the liver are particularly important，and abnormalities in such stages are closely associated with the progression of various liver diseases. Studies have shown that as a key rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis，3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase （HMGCR） has well-defined regulatory properties and has been confirmed as an important target for the regulation of various liver diseases. This article reviews the process of cholesterol metabolism，the degradation and regulatory mechanisms of HMGCR，and the application of inhibitors，as well as the role of HMGCR in liver diseases，in order to provide new insights for scientific research and the clinical prevention and treatment of liver diseases.

关键词

肝疾病 / 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶 / 胆固醇

Key words

Liver Diseases / 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase / Cholesterol

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曾阳玲 , 王运踊 , 关海梅 , 等. 3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMGCR）在肝脏疾病中的作用. 临床肝胆病杂志. 2025, 41(05): 983-990 https://doi.org/10.12449/JCH250527
ZENG Yangling, WANG Yunyong, GUAN Haimei, et al. The role of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in liver diseases[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatol. 2025, 41(05): 983-990 https://doi.org/10.12449/JCH250527

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作者贡献声明

曾阳玲、王运踊负责课题设计，资料分析，撰写论文，为共同第一作者；关海梅、王恬雯、谢宝华、李国宝、张日云参与收集数据及文献搜集与整理，修改论文；王挺帅指导撰写及修改文章；毛德文负责拟定写作思路，指导撰写并最后定稿。

基金

国家自然科学基金(82360912)
国家自然科学基金(81960841)
国家自然科学基金(82274434)
广西自然科学基金(2023GXNSFBA026190)
广西中医药大学博士科研启动基金(2021BS028)
广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2022KY0299)
广西中医药大学第一附属医院科研项目(2021QN004)

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