肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种常见的原发性恶性肿瘤。近年来，泛素特异性蛋白酶（USP）在HCC中的作用引起了广泛关注。USP是一类关键的去泛素化酶，通过调节蛋白质的泛素化状态，影响多种生物学过程。研究发现，USP通过去泛素化多种肿瘤相关蛋白，参与调控细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭等过程。此外，USP的异常表达与HCC患者的预后密切相关，可能作为潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点。本文综述了USP在HCC中的研究进展，探讨了USP在HCC发生、发展及转移中的关键作用。深入了解USP在HCC中的作用机制，不仅有助于揭示HCC的发病机理，也为开发新的诊断工具和治疗策略提供了科学依据。未来的研究应进一步探索USP在HCC中的调控作用，以期为HCC的临床治疗提供更多有效手段。

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a common primary malignant tumor. In recent years，the role of ubiquitin-specific proteases （USPs） in HCC has attracted widespread attention. USPs are a class of key deubiquitinating enzymes that affect a variety of biological processes by regulating the ubiquitination status of proteins. Studies have shown that USPs participate in the regulation of cell proliferation，apoptosis，migration，and invasion by deubiquitinating various tumor-related proteins. In addition，the abnormal expression of USPs is closely associated with the prognosis of HCC patients and may thus be used as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This article reviews the research advances in USPs in HCC and explores their key roles in the development，progression，and metastasis of HCC. A deep understanding of the mechanism of action of USPs in HCC not only helps to reveal the pathogenesis of HCC，but also provides a scientific basis for developing new diagnostic tools and treatment strategies. Future research should further explore the regulatory effect of USPs in HCC，in order to provide more effective means for the clinical treatment of HCC.