TGF-β1/Smad信号通路调控Th17/Treg免疫平衡在非酒精性脂肪性肝炎中的机制及作用

汪倩, 李开楊, 杨梅, 张航, 朱胜金, 赵琦, 黄敬

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临床肝胆病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05) : 942-947. DOI: 10.12449/JCH250521
综述

TGF-β1/Smad信号通路调控Th17/Treg免疫平衡在非酒精性脂肪性肝炎中的机制及作用

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Role and mechanism of T helper 17 cells/regulatory T cells immune balance regulated by the TGF-‍β1/Smad signaling pathway mediated in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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摘要

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）是一种以肝细胞脂肪变性、气球样变为病理特征的慢性代谢性疾病，在肝脂肪变性进程中起重要作用。近年研究表明，辅助性T细胞17（Th17）及调节性T细胞（Treg）的免疫稳态失衡与NASH的病理进程密切相关。其中，转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）作为调控Th17/Treg分化与增殖的关键细胞因子，通过与其受体结合激活Smad信号通路，进而调控Th17/Treg免疫平衡，调节炎症因子表达，参与肝脏炎症修复过程。本文系统综述TGF-β1/Smad信号通路通过调控Th17/Treg免疫平衡影响NASH的分子机制，旨在为NASH的发病机制和治疗策略研究提供理论依据。

Abstract

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH） is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hepatocyte fatty degeneration and ballooning degeneration，and it plays an important role in the progression of hepatic steatosis. Recent studies have shown that immune homeostasis imbalance between T helper 17 （Th17） and regulatory T （Treg） cells are closely associated with the pathological process of NASH. Transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） is a key cytokine for regulating the differentiation and proliferation of Th17/Treg cells，and TGF-β1 binds to its receptor and activates the Smad signaling pathway，thereby regulating the immune balance of Th17/Treg cells and the expression of inflammatory factors and participating in the repair of liver inflammation. This article systematically reviews the molecular mechanism of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in affecting NASH by regulating the immune balance of Th17/Treg cells，in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research on the pathogenesis of NASH and related treatment strategies.

关键词

非酒精性脂肪性肝病 / 转化生长因子β1 / Smad蛋白质类 / T淋巴细胞，辅助诱导 / T淋巴细胞，调节性

Key words

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Smad Proteins / T-Lymphocytes，Helper-Inducer / T-Lymphocytes，Regulatory

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汪倩 , 李开楊 , 杨梅 , 等. TGF-β1/Smad信号通路调控Th17/Treg免疫平衡在非酒精性脂肪性肝炎中的机制及作用. 临床肝胆病杂志. 2025, 41(05): 942-947 https://doi.org/10.12449/JCH250521
WANG Qian, LI Kaiyang, YANG Mei, et al. Role and mechanism of T helper 17 cells/regulatory T cells immune balance regulated by the TGF-‍β1/Smad signaling pathway mediated in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatol. 2025, 41(05): 942-947 https://doi.org/10.12449/JCH250521

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作者贡献声明

汪倩负责设计论文框架及撰写论文；李开楊负责指导撰写文章并最后定稿；杨梅、张航、朱胜金负责论文修改；赵琦、黄敬负责指导撰写文章。

基金

国家自然科学基金(82160866)
贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础-ZK〔2023〕一般433）
贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwkj2023-208)
贵州省高等学校重点实验室（黔教技〔2023〕017号）

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