风湿性疾病是一类以免疫系统异常为特征的慢性疾病，而门静脉高压则发生于各种原因所致的门静脉系统血流增多或阻力增加，或肝静脉系统回流受阻。风湿性疾病及其治疗药物均可导致非肝硬化性门静脉高压。风湿性疾病相关的高凝状态可导致门静脉及肝静脉系统血栓形成，肝内门静脉系统和肝窦内皮系统的损伤可导致门脉肝窦血管病及肝窦阻塞综合征。治疗风湿性疾病的药物也可通过肝实质损伤导致肝纤维化及肝硬化，或通过对肝脏血管内皮的损伤导致非肝硬化性门静脉高压。本文将重点介绍常见的风湿性疾病及其治疗药物导致门静脉高压的机制及特点，旨在为其临床诊治及随访监测提供思路和帮助。

Rheumatic diseases are a group of chronic disorders characterized by abnormalities in the immune system，while portal hypertension occurs due to increased blood flow or heightened resistance in the portal venous system or obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Both rheumatic diseases and their medications can lead to noncirrhotic portal hypertension. The hypercoagulable state associated with rheumatic diseases can result in thrombosis within the portal and hepatic venous systems，and damage to the intrahepatic portal system and hepatic sinusoidal endothelial system can lead to porto-sinusoidal vascular disease and hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. Moreover，drugs used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases may cause liver parenchymal injury，which further leads to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis，or they may damage the hepatic vascular endothelium and thus cause noncirrhotic portal hypertension. This article elaborates on the mechanisms and characteristics by which common rheumatic diseases and their therapeutic agents lead to portal hypertension，in order to provide insights and assistance for clinical diagnosis，treatment，and follow-up monitoring.