在过去的30年，中国在病毒性肝炎防控领域取得显著成效，儿童新发HBV感染率、人群急性病毒性肝炎发病率均降至较低水平，但是中国慢性病毒性肝炎疾病负担仍然沉重，严重影响人群健康。本研究系统分析了中国病毒性肝炎预防控制所取得的工作成效，剖析目前存在的主要问题和挑战，结合中国国情，提出消除病毒性肝炎公共卫生危害的综合防控策略和措施，以期为助力推动中国相关部门就如何实现2030年消除病毒性肝炎公共卫生危害行动目标提供参考依据。

Over the past three decades， China has made significant progress in the prevention and control of viral hepatitis， and the incidence rates of new-onset pediatric hepatitis B virus infections and acute viral hepatitis in the population have reduced to a relatively low level； however， there is still a heavy disease burden of chronic viral hepatitis in China， which severely affects the health status of the population. This study systematically summarizes the achievements of viral hepatitis prevention and control in China， analyzes existing problems and challenges， and proposes comprehensive prevention and control strategies and measures to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat based on the national conditions of China， in order to provide a reference for related departments in China on how to achieve the action targets for eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.