POEMS综合征是一种与浆细胞病有关、累及多系统的罕见病，临床表现多样。现报道2例以肝脾肿大为首发表现的POEMS综合征病例，病程中患者出现下肢无力、肝脾和淋巴结肿大、腹水、甲状腺功能减退、M蛋白阳性、皮肤色深，¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT显像发现以溶骨性改变为主的骨病变，合并浆细胞瘤，血清血管内皮生长因子水平升高，最终诊断为POEMS综合征，经免疫调节治疗后症状缓解。

POEMS syndrome is a rare condition associated with plasma cell disorders， and it often involves multiple systems and has diverse clinical manifestations. This article reports two cases of POEMS syndrome with hepatosplenomegaly as the initial manifestation. During the course of the disease， the patients presented with lower limb weakness， hepatosplenomegaly， lymph node enlargement， ascites， hypothyroidism， positive M protein， and skin hyperpigmentation， and ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT imaging revealed bone lesions mainly characterized by osteolytic changes and plasma cell tumors. There was an increase in the serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor. The patients were finally diagnosed with POEMS syndrome， and the symptoms were relieved after immunomodulatory treatment.