目的 利用网络药理学分析方法初步预测消斑通脉方抗动脉粥样硬化（AS）的潜在作用通路和靶点，联合体外细胞实验对其可能机制进行验证。 方法 采用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）、GeneCards、Swiss Target Prediction和Uniprot等数据库，收集消斑通脉方中活性化合物及对应靶点信息，构建“成分-靶点-疾病”网络，通过蛋白-蛋白互作（PPI）网络预测可能的作用靶点和通路，对交集靶点进行基因本体论（GO）功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）信号通路富集分析。体外培养人主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（HA-VSMCs）并鉴定，采用氧化低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）诱导HA-VSMCs异常增殖并进行鉴定。MTT法检测不同浓度消斑通脉方作用后各组 HA-VSMCs 增殖活性，确定消斑通脉方安全性。HA-VSMCs分为空白组、模型组（诱导HA-VSMCs异常增殖）、瑞舒伐他汀组（诱导HA-VSMCs异常增殖后采用4 μmol·L^-1瑞舒伐他汀干预）及低、中和高剂量消斑通脉方组（诱导HA-VSMCs异常增殖后分别采用0.025、0.050和0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方干预）。酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测各组HA-VSMCs培养上清中人单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）和白细胞介素8（IL-8）水平，实时荧光定量 PCR（RT-qPCR）法检测各组HA-VSMCs中核因子κB（NF- κB）p65 mRNA和成纤维细胞生长因子2（FGF2）mRNA表达水平，Western blotting 法检测各组HA-VSMCs中 NF- κB p65 和 FGF2 蛋白表达水平。 结果 消斑通脉方中含有103种活性成分，可通过作用于189个靶基因发挥抗AS作用，潜在作用靶点包括IL-6、IL-8、血管内皮生长因子A（VEGFA）、核因子κB1（NF-κB1）和RELA（NF-κB p65）等。GO功能分析和KEGG信号通路富集分析，消斑通脉方通过调节脂质、缺氧诱导因子1（HIF-1）、表皮生长因子（EGF）、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K/Akt）和NF-κB等信号通路发挥抗AS作用。细胞形态表现和免疫荧光染色结果证明细胞为HA-VSMCs。油红O染色，可观察到大量红色脂滴，表明造模成功。MTT法检测，在一定剂量范围内消斑通脉方对HA-VSMCs增殖率无明显影响，安全性良好。ELISA 法检测，与模型组比较，瑞舒伐他汀组和不同剂量消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs培养上清中MCP-1和IL-6水平降低（P<0.05或P<0.01），0.050和0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方组HA-VSMC培养上清中IL-8降低（P<0.01）；与瑞舒伐他汀组比较，不同剂量消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs培养上清中MCP-1降低（P<0.01），0.050和0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs培养上清中IL-8降低（P<0.01）。与模型组比较，瑞舒伐他汀组和不同剂量消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs中NF-κB p65 mRNA表达水平降低（P<0.01），瑞舒伐他汀组及0.050和0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs中FGF2 mRNA表达水平降低（P<0.01）；与瑞舒伐他汀组比较，0.050和0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs中NF-κB p65和FGF2 mRNA表达水平降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与模型组比较，瑞舒伐他汀组和不同剂量消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs中NF-κB p65和FGF2蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.01）；与瑞舒伐他汀组比较，0.050和0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs中NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.01），0.100 mg·L^-1消斑通脉方组HA-VSMCs中FGF2蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.01）。 结论 消斑通脉方具有抗炎、抑制HA-VSMCs增殖和抗AS作用，其作用机制可能与NF-κB/FGF2通路失活有关。

Objective To preliminarily predict the potential pathways and targets of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula in anti-atherosclerosis （AS） by network pharmacology analysis， and to verify its possible mechanism combined with in vitro cell experiment. Method The databases including Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， GeneCards， Swiss Target Prediction， and Uniprot were used to collect the information on active compounds and corresponding targets of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula to construct the “compound-target-disease” network. The potential targets and pathways were predicted by protein-protein interaction （PPI） network， and the intersection targets were subjected to Gene Ontology （GO） functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis.The human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells （HA-VSMCs） were cultured and identified in vitro， and the abnormal proliferation of HA-VSMCs were induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein（ox-LDL） and identified； MTT method was used to detect the proliferation activities of the HA-VSMCs in various groups after treated with different concentrations of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula；the safety of Xiaoban Tongmai Fang was confirmed. The HA-VSMCs were divided into blank group， model group （the abnormal proliferation of HA-VSMCs was induced）， rosuvastatin group （treated with 4 μmol·L^-1 rosuvastatin after inducing the abnormal proliferation of HA-VSMCs）， and low， medium， and high doses of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups （treated with 0.025， 0.050， and 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula after inducing the abnormal proliferation of HA-VSMCs）；enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1（MCP-1）， interleukin-6（IL-6）， and interleukin-8（IL-8） in supernatant of the HA-VSMCs in various groups； real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （RT-qPCR） method was used to detect the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B（NF-κB） p65 mRNA and fibroblast growth factors 2（FGF2） mRNA in the HA-VSMCs in various groups； Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and FGF2 proteins in the HA-VSMCs in various groups. Results Xiaoban Tongmai Formula contained 103 active ingredients that exert anti-AS effect by acting on 189 target genes. The potential targets included IL-6， IL-8， vascular endothelial growth factor A（VEGFA）， nuclear factor kappa B1（NF-κB1）， and RELA （NF-κB p65）. The GO functional analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis results showed that Xiaoban Tongmai Formula exerted anti-AS effects by regulating lipid metabolism， hypoxia-inducible factor-1（HIF-1）， epidermal growth factor（EGF）， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt）， and NF-κB signaling pathways.The cell morphology and immunofluorescence staining results confirmed that the cells were HA-VSMCs. The oil red O staining results showed numerous red lipid droplets， indicating successful modeling. The MTT assay results showed that Xiaoban Tongmai Formula had no significant effect on the proliferation rate of HA-VSMCs within a certain dose range， indicating good safety. The ELISA results showed that compared with model group， the levels of MCP-1 and IL-6 in supernatant of the HA-VSMCs in rosuvastatin group and different doses of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）， and the levels of IL-8 in supernatant of the HA-VSMCs in 0.050 and 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）； compared with rosuvastatin group， the levels of MCP-1 in supernatant of the HA-VSMCs in different doses of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）， and the levels of IL-8 in supernatant of the HA-VSMCs in 0.050 and 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with model group， the expression levels of NF-κB p65 mRNA in the HA-VSMCs in rosuvastatin group and different doses of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）， and the expression levels of FGF2 mRNA in the HA-VSMCs in rosuvastatin group and 0.050 and 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）； compared with rosuvastatin group， the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and FGF2 mRNA in the HA-VSMCs in 0.050 and 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Compared with model group， the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and FGF2 proteins in the HA-VSMCs in rosuvastatin group and different doses of Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）； compared with rosuvastatin group， the expression levels of NF-κB p65 protein in the HA-VSMCs in 0.050 and 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula groups were decreased （P<0.01）， and the expression level of FGF2 protein in the HA-VSMCs in 0.100 mg·L^-1 Xiaoban Tongmai Formula group was decreased （P<0.01）. Conclusion Xiaoban Tongmai Formula has anti-inflammatory effect， inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HA-VSMCs， and anti-AS effect，and its mechanism may be related to the inactivation of NF-κB/FGF2 pathway.