目的 通过网络药理学和分子对接技术分析黄芩汤治疗结直肠癌（CRC）的潜在作用靶点，阐明其相关分子机制。 方法 基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）构建黄芩汤活性成分和作用靶点数据集，通过GeneCards、人类在线孟德尔遗传（OMIM）、药物遗传学和药物基因组学知识库（PharmGKB）等数据库构建CRC疾病相关靶点数据集。利用R软件、Cytoscape软件和STRING数据库构建药物-疾病靶点交集、黄芩汤中药复方调控网络和蛋白-蛋白互作（PPI）网络。利用R软件和Metascape平台进行基因本体论（GO）功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）信号通路富集分析。采用AutoDock和PyMol软件进行分子对接验证，评估配受体结合情况。 结果 筛选黄芩汤有效活性成分136个，黄芩汤治疗CRC的潜在靶点242个，核心靶点18个，基于信号通路分析获得CRC密切相关核心关键靶点5个，分别为蛋白激酶B1（AKT1）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3（MAPK3）、原癌基因FOS、肿瘤蛋白P53（TP53）和原癌基因MYC。GO功能富集分析，主要参与多种细胞应激反应的生物过程。KEGG信号通路富集分析，潜在靶点在癌症通路高度富集；进一步对CRC核心靶点进行KEGG信号通路富集分析，主要涉及内分泌抵抗、细胞凋亡和表皮生长因子受体-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（EGFR-TKI）抵抗等通路。分子对接验证，黄芩汤活性成分槲皮素、山柰酚、汉黄芩素、7-甲氧基-2-甲基异黄酮和柚皮素与AKT1、MAPK3、FOS、TP53及MYC均对接稳定，其中槲皮素与AKT1结合性最好。 结论 黄芩汤活性成分可多靶点和多通路治疗CRC，核心配受体槲皮素和AKT1可能通过调控磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）／蛋白激酶B（AKT）和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）信号通路影响细胞增殖、分化和凋亡进程，发挥治疗CRC作用。

Objective To analyze the potential therapeutic targets of Huangqin Tang in treatment of colorectal cancer （CRC） by network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques，and to clarify the related molecular mechanism. Methods The active component and target dataset for Huangqin Tang were constructed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）；the CRC-disease related target dataset was built by Databases such as GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM），and pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base （PharmGKB）. Drug-disease target intersect， Huangqin Tang herbal formula network， and protein-protein interaction （PPI） networks were built by R software， Cytoscape software， and STRING Database； Gene Ontology （GO） functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） signaling pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by R software and Metascape platform；molecular docking validation was performed with AutoDock and PyMOL software to assess the ligand-receptor binding. Results A total of 136 effective active components of Huangqin Tang were screened， and 242 potential targets were identified for treatment of CRC， including 18 core targets. Five core key targets closely related to CRC， identified through signaling pathway analysis， were protein kinase B1（AKT1）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 （MAPK3），proto-oncogene FOS，tumor protein p53 （TP53），and proto-oncogene MYC.The GO functional enrichment analysis results mainly involved various biological processes related to cellular stress responses. The KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis results showed that potential targets were highly enriched in the cancer pathway； further analysis on CRC core targets via KEGG signaling pathway revealed involvement primarily in pathways related to endocrine resistance， apoptosis， and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor （EGFR-TKI） resistance. The molecular docking results showed that the active components of Huangqin Tang， including quercetin， kaempferol， baicalein， 7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone， and naringenin， were stably docked with AKT1， MAPK3， FOS， TP53， and MYC， and quercetin exhibited the best binding with AKT1. Conclusion The active components of Huangqin Tang can treat CRC through multi-target and multi-pathway. The core ligand quercetin and AKT1 may exert the therapeutic effect in CRC by regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathways to influence the cell proliferation， differentiation， and apoptosis processes.