目的 探讨姜黄素联合粪菌移植对葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的改善作用，并阐明其相关作用机制。 方法 50只小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、姜黄素组、粪菌移植组和联合组，除对照组小鼠自由饮用纯净水外，其余各组小鼠自由饮用含2% DSS的蒸馏水建立UC模型。姜黄素组小鼠灌胃给予60 mg·kg^－1姜黄素溶液0.4 mL，每日1次，连续10 d；粪菌移植组小鼠灌肠粪菌液0.2 mL，每日1次，持续10 d；联合组小鼠给予0.2 mL粪菌液灌肠后，给予60 mg·kg^－1姜黄素溶液0.4 mL灌胃。实验结束后，计算各组小鼠疾病活动指数（DAI）和结肠大体形态损伤指数（CDMI），HE染色观察各组小鼠结肠组织病理形态表现，酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测各组小鼠结肠组织中白细胞介素（IL）-1β、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、IL-4和IL-10水平，实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）法和Western blotting法检测各组小鼠结肠组织中闭合蛋白（occludin）和闭锁小带蛋白1（ZO-1）mRNA及蛋白表达水平。 结果 对照组小鼠结肠黏膜上皮结构完整且连续，腺体排列规则，无炎性细胞浸润和溃疡；模型组小鼠结肠黏膜上皮脱失，腺体排列紊乱，杯状细胞减少，黏膜和黏膜下层充血水肿，大量炎性细胞浸润，弥漫分布小溃疡；姜黄素组、粪菌移植组和联合组小鼠结肠黏膜上皮结构相对完整，炎性细胞浸润减少，黏膜和黏膜下层充血水肿减轻。与对照组比较，模型组小鼠DAI和CDMI升高（P<0.05），结肠组织中IL-1β和TNF-α水平升高（P<0.05），IL-4和IL-10水平降低（P<0.05），occludin和ZO-1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.05）；与模型组比较，姜黄素组、粪菌移植组和联合组小鼠DAI和CDMI降低（P<0.05），结肠组织中IL-1β和TNF-α水平降低（P<0.05），IL-4和IL-10水平升高（P<0.05），occludin和ZO-1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）；与姜黄素组和粪菌移植组比较，联合组小鼠DAI和CDMI降低（P<0.05），结肠组织中IL-1β和TNF-α水平降低（P<0.05），IL-4和IL-10水平升高（P<0.05），occludin和ZO-1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）。 结论 姜黄素联合粪菌移植可改善UC小鼠结肠组织病理损伤，抑制炎症因子分泌，促进肠黏膜修复。

Objective To discuss the improvement effect of curcumin combined with fecal bacteria transplantation on the mice with dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC），and to clarify the related mechanism. Methods Fifty mice were randomly divided into control， model， curcumin， fecal bacteria transplantation， and combination groups. Except for the mice in control group （given distilled water），the mice in the other groups were given distilled water containing 2% DSS to establish the UC models. The mice in curcumin group were gavaged with 0.4 mL of 60 mg·kg^－1 curcumin solution once per day for 10 d； the mice in fecal bacteria transplantation group underwent enema with 0.2 mL of fecal bacteria suspension once per day for 10 d； the mice in combination group received the enema of 0.2 mL fecal bacteria suspension and gavaged with 0.4 mL of 60 mg·kg^－1 curcumin solution. At the end of the experiment， the disease activity index （DAI） and colon macroscopic damage index （CDMI） of the mice in various groups were calculated； the morphology of colon tissue of the mice in various groups was detected by HE staining；the levels of interleukin （IL）-1β， tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， IL-4， and IL-10 in colon tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method；the expression levels of occludin and zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1） mRNA and proteins in colon tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative（RT-qPCR） and Western blotting methods. Results The intestinal mucosal epithelial structure of the mice in control group was intact and continuous with regular glandular arrangement and without inflammatory cell infiltration or ulceration； the intestinal mucosal epithelial structure of the mice in model group exhibited loss of colonic mucosal epithelium， disordered glandular arrangement， reduced goblet cells， congestion and edema in mucosal and submucosal layers， and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells with widespread small ulcers； the intestinal mucosal epithelial structure of the mice in curcumin， fecal bacteria transplantation， and combination groups exhibited relatively intact colonic mucosal epithelial structures with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and ameliorated mucosal and submucosal congestion and edema. Compared with control group， the DAI and CDMI of the mice in model group were increased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were increased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased （P<0.05），and the expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 mRNA and proteins were decreased （P<0.05）；compared with model group， the DAI and CDMI of the mice in curcumin， fecal bacteria transplantation， and combination groups were decreased （P<0.05），the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were decreased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 mRNA and proteins were increased （P<0.05）. Compared with curcumin group and fecal bacteria transplantation group，the DAI and CDMI of the mice in combination group were decreased （P<0.05），the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were decreased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 mRNA and proteins were increased （P<0.05）. Conclusion Curcumin combined with fecal bacteria transplantation can ameliorate the pathological damage in colonic tissue of the UC mice， inhibit the secretion of inflammatory factors， and promote the repaiment of intestin mucosa.