目的 探讨藁本内酯对心力衰竭大鼠心功能和血管生成的影响，并分析其对蛋白激酶D1（PKD1）/缺氧诱导因子1α（HIF-1α）/血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）通路的调节作用。 方法 SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、藁本内酯组、PKD1/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路阻断剂CID755673（CID）组和藁本内酯+CID组，采用冠状动脉左前降支结扎法建立心力衰竭大鼠模型，藁本内酯组大鼠尾静脉注射藁本内酯 20 mg·kg^－1，CID组大鼠腹腔注射CID 50 mg·kg^－1，藁本内酯+CID组大鼠腹腔注射CID 50 mg·kg^－1后尾静脉注射藁本内酯 20 mg·kg^－1，每日1次，连续4周。采用心脏超声检查各组大鼠心功能指标，2，3，5-氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC）染色法检测各组大鼠心肌梗死面积百分率，HE染色观察各组大鼠心肌组织病理形态表现，实时荧光定量PCR法（RT-qPCR）法和蛋白印迹法检测各组大鼠缺血区心肌组织中PKD1、HIF-1α、CD31和VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平。 结果 与假手术组比较，模型组和CID组大鼠心肌细胞形态发生改变，细胞间隙增宽，排列紊乱，可见肌纤维断裂和炎性细胞浸润；藁本内酯组和藁本内酯+CID组大鼠心肌纤维排列相对整齐，心肌纤维断裂相对较少，炎性细胞数减少。与假手术组比较，模型组大鼠左心室射血分数（LVEF）和左心室短轴缩短率（LVFS）降低（P<0.05），左心室收缩末期内径（LVESD）和左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）增大（P<0.05），心肌组织中PKD1、HIF-1α、CD31和VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.05）；与模型组比较，藁本内酯组大鼠LVEF和LVFS升高（P<0.05），LVESD和LVEDD减小（P<0.05），心肌梗死面积百分率降低（P<0.05），心肌组织中PKD1、HIF-1α、CD31和VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）；与模型组比较，CID组大鼠LVEF和LVFS降低（P<0.05），LVESD和LVEDD增大（P<0.05），心肌梗死面积百分率升高（P<0.05），心肌组织中PKD1、HIF-1α、CD31和VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.05）；与藁本内酯组比较，藁本内酯+CID组大鼠LVEF和LVFS明显降低（P<0.05），LVESD和LVEDD增大（P<0.05），心肌梗死面积百分率升高（P<0.05），心肌组织中PKD1、HIF-1α、CD31和VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平降低（P<0.05）；与CID组比较，藁本内酯+CID组大鼠LVEF和LVFS升高（P<0.05），LVESD和LVEDD减小（P<0.05），心肌梗死面积百分率降低（P<0.05），心肌组织中PKD1、HIF-1α、CD31和VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）。 结论 藁本内酯可通过激活PKD1/HIF-1α/VEGF通路发挥促进心力衰竭大鼠血管生成、缩小其心肌梗死面积和改善心功能的作用。

Objective To discuss the effect of ligustilide on the cardiac function and angiogenesis in the rats with heart failure，and to clarify its regulatory effect on protein kinase D1 （PKD1）/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α（HIF-1α）/vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） pathway. Methods The SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， ligustilide group， PKD1/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway inhibitor CID755673 （CID） group， and ligustilide+CID group. The heart failure rat model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The rats in ligustilide group were injected intravenously with 20 mg·kg^－1 ligustilide， the rats in CID group were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg·kg^－1 CID， and the rats in ligustilide+CID group were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg·kg^－1 CID followed by intravenous injection of 20 mg·kg^－1 ligustilide， once per day for 4 consecutive weeks.The cardiac function indexes of the rats in various groups were detected by echocardiography；the percentages of myocardial infarction areas of the rats in various groups were detected by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining； the pathomorphology of myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups was observed by HE staining； the expression levels of PKD1， HIF-1α， CD31， and VEGF mRNA and proteins in ischemic area of myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （RT-qPCR） and Western blotting methods. Results Compared with sham operation group， the rats in model group and CID group had altered myocardial cell morphology， increased intercellular gaps， disorganized arrangement， visible muscle fiber breaks and inflammatory cell infiltration； the rats in ligustilide group and ligustilide+CID group had relatively orderly myocardial fiber arrangement， fewer myocardial fiber breaks and decreased number of inflammatory cells. Compared with sham operation group， the left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） and left ventricular fractional shortening （LVFS） of the rats in model group were decreased （P<0.05）， the left ventricular end-systolic diameter （LVESD） and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVEDD） were increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of PKD1， HIF-1α， CD31，and VEGF mRNA and proteins in myocardium tissue were decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with model group， the LVEF and LVFS of the rats in ligustilide group were increased （P<0.05）， the LVESD and LVEDD were decreased （P<0.05），the percentage of myocardium infarction area was decreased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of PKD1， HIF-1α，CD31， and VEGF mRNA and proteins in myocardium tissue were increased （P<0.05）； compared with model group，the LVEF and LVFS of the rats in CID group were decreased （P<0.05）， the LVESD and LVEDD were increased （P<0.05）， the percentage of myocardium infarction area was increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of PKD1， HIF-1α， CD31， and VEGF mRNA and proteins in myocardium tissue were decreased （P<0.05）； compared with ligustilide group， the LVEF and LVFS of the rats in ligustilide+CID group were decreased （P<0.05）， the LVESD and LVEDD were increased （P<0.05）， the percentage of myocardium infarction area was increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of PKD1， HIF-1α， CD31， and VEGF mRNA and proteins in myocardium tissue were decreased （P<0.05）；compared with CID group， the LVEF and LVFS of the rats in ligustilide+CID group were increased （P<0.05）， the LVESD and LVEDD were decreased （P<0.05）， the percentage of myocardium infarction area was decreased（P<0.05）， and the expression levels of PKD1， HIF-1α， CD31， and VEGF mRNA and proteins in myocardium tissue were increased （P<0.05）. Conclusion Ligustilide can promote the angiogenesis， reduce the myocardium infarction area， and improve the cardiac function in the rats with heart failure；it works through activation of the PKD1/HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.