基于弹性板模型的塔里木盆地北部新生代沉降模拟:对南天山隆升的启示

陈昌锦; 程晓敢; 林秀斌; 李丰; 田禾丰; 屈梦雪; 孙思瑶

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.9.43

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地学前缘 ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4) : 340-353. DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.9.43

非主题来稿选登：构造作用与盆地演化

基于弹性板模型的塔里木盆地北部新生代沉降模拟:对南天山隆升的启示

陈昌锦 ¹^,² ,
程晓敢 ¹^,²^,^* ,
林秀斌 ¹^,² ,
李丰 ¹^,² ,
田禾丰 ¹^,² ,
屈梦雪 ¹^,² ,
孙思瑶 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Modeling of the Cenozoic subsidence of northern Tarim Basin using elastic plate numerical model: Implications for uplift of South Tian Shan

Changjin CHEN ¹^,² ,
Xiaogan CHENG ¹^,²^,^* ,
Xiubin LIN ¹^,² ,
Feng LI ¹^,² ,
Hefeng TIAN ¹^,² ,
Mengxue QU ¹^,² ,
Siyao SUN ¹^,²

Author information +

History +

摘要

在印度-欧亚板块碰撞远程效应影响下,天山造山带在新生代活化隆升,与其南缘相邻的塔里木盆地北部发生挠曲沉降并沉积了巨厚的新生代地层,该巨厚新生代地层和造山沉积地层为本文进一步探究南天山隆升过程提供了关键的沉积记录。本文采用有限弹性板数值模拟的方法,对盆地新生代不同时期基底沉降剖面分别进行建模研究。结果表明:盆地沉降受沉积负载和构造负载共同控制,66~>5.3 Ma期间沉积负载对盆地沉降的贡献量小于或等于构造负载的贡献量;约5.3 Ma至今沉积负载对盆地沉降的贡献量远大于构造负载。南天山构造负载变化速率表现为66~>26.3 Ma缓慢增长;26.3~>5.3 Ma南天山稳定增长;约5.3 Ma至今南天山造山带构造负载高度快速增长。基于对盆地沉降过程的分析,限制南天山新生代初始隆升时间为古近纪,其相对海拔高度从400 m增长到2 500 m;虽然在约5.3 Ma至今南天山相对海拔高度保持稳定,但构造负载高度仍在增加,这可能是盆地俯冲作用的加剧在一定程度上抑制了造山带平均海拔高度的增长,进而导致南天山的侵蚀和隆升达到相对平衡。

Abstract

The Tian Shan orogenic belt experienced activation and uplift during the Cenozoic era, attributed to the remote effects of the India-Asia collision. Adjacent to the southern margin of the Tian Shan orogenic belt, the northern Tarim Basin underwent bending subsidence and accumulated extensive Cenozoic strata, providing a robust foundation for investigating the uplifting process of the southern Tian Shan Mountains. In this study, we employ finite elastic plate numerical simulation to model basement subsidence profiles across various Cenozoic periods. Our findings underscore the control of basin subsidence by sedimentary load and tectonic load, with sedimentary load exerting a significantly greater influence on basin subsidence than tectonic load from ~5.3 Ma to the present. The rate of load change in the southern Tian Shan structure exhibits gradual increase from ~66 Ma to ~26.3 Ma, followed by a rapid ascent since ~5.3 Ma. Our analysis indicates that the initial uplift phase of the Cenozoic in the southern Tian Shan was confined to the Paleogene, with its relative elevation escalating from 400 meters to 2500 meters. Although the relative elevation of the southern Tian Shan has remained stable since ~5.3 Ma, the height of tectonic load continues to rise. This phenomenon is attributed to the intensified basin subduction, which has constrained the average elevation of the orogenic belt, thereby establishing a relative equilibrium between erosion and uplift processes in the southern Tian Shan.

关键词

南天山 / 塔里木盆地北部 / 有限弹性板模拟 / 沉降过程 / 初始隆升

Key words

southern Tian Shan / northern Tarim Basin / finite elastic plate simulation / settlement process / initial uplift

中图分类号

P542;P534.6

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导出引用

陈昌锦 , 程晓敢 , 林秀斌 , 等. 基于弹性板模型的塔里木盆地北部新生代沉降模拟:对南天山隆升的启示. 地学前缘. 2024, 31(4): 340-353 https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.9.43

Changjin CHEN, Xiaogan CHENG, Xiubin LIN, et al. Modeling of the Cenozoic subsidence of northern Tarim Basin using elastic plate numerical model: Implications for uplift of South Tian Shan[J]. Earth Science Frontiers. 2024, 31(4): 340-353 https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.9.43

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国家自然科学基金项目(U22B6002)

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Received	Revised	Published
2023-11-03	2023-11-22	2024-07-25
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2025-03-21

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