岷江上游坡断型裂点迁移速率与构造隆升历史研究

田述军; 温宇航; 伍文洽; 李凯

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.60

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地学前缘 ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4) : 314-325. DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.60

非主题来稿选登：构造作用与盆地演化

岷江上游坡断型裂点迁移速率与构造隆升历史研究

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Study on the migration rate of the slope-break knickpoints and the tectonic uplift history in the Minjiang River

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摘要

基岩河道中坡断型裂点是构造活动和水力侵蚀共同作用的产物,根据其空间分布特征可以反演区域构造隆升历史和地貌演化过程。本文采用坡度-面积分析法和积分分析法识别出岷江上游坡断型裂点和裂点带,并结合河道纵剖面反演岷江上游的隆生历史和河口裂点形成时间,对坡断型裂点溯源迁移过程和速率进行模拟。研究结果表明:(1)岷江上游流域坡断型裂点有较明显的分层特征,干流及支流当前形成了海拔1 300、2 500和3 500 m的3条裂点带,其对应的河道信息说明岷江上游流域早更新世以来经历了3次较为强烈的构造运动;(2)构造隆升历史大致可分为4个时期,分别为缓慢隆升(20~12 Ma)、加速隆升(12~8 Ma)、稳定隆升(8~2 Ma)和强烈隆升(2 Ma以来),其中在2.0 Ma以来,岷江上游流域的隆升速率达到0.6 mm/a;(3)3 500 m裂点带对应的坡段型裂点水平迁移平均速率为38.0~127.9 km/Ma,其最小残差平方和最优拟合度均表明1.3 Ma是裂点最可能产生的时间,其溯源迁移速率为79.1 km/Ma。

Abstract

The regional tectonic uplift history and landscape evolution can be simulated based on the spatial distribution characteristics of slope-break knickpoints in bedrock channels, which result from the combined action of tectonic activity and water erosion. This study identifies slope-break knickpoints and knickpoint belts in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River using slope-area analysis and integral analysis methods. It then simulates the uplift history, formation times of river mouth knickpoints, and headwater migration processes and rates of slope-break knickpoints, combined with longitudinal river profiles. The findings are as follows: (1) In the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, slope-break knickpoints exhibit distinct layered distribution characteristics, forming three knickpoint belts at 1300 m, 2500 m, and 3500 m in the main channel and tributaries. Data from these knickpoint belts suggest that the area has experienced three relatively intense tectonic movements since the Early Pleistocene. (2) The tectonic uplift history in this region can be divided into four periods: slow uplift (20-12 million years ago), accelerated uplift (12-8 million years ago), stable uplift (8-2 million years ago), and intense uplift (since 2 million years ago), with an uplift rate of 0.6 mm/a since 2 million years ago. (3) The average horizontal migration rate of the 3500 m slope-break knickpoint ranges from 38.0 to 127.9 km/Ma, likely forming around 1.3 million years ago with a migration rate of 79.1 km/Ma according to the minimum residual squares method and optimal fitting method.

关键词

裂点 / 河道纵剖面 / 构造历史反演 / 裂点迁移

Key words

knickpoint / longitudinal river profiles / tectonic history reconstruction / knickpoint migration

中图分类号

P548

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导出引用

田述军 , 温宇航 , 伍文洽 , 等. 岷江上游坡断型裂点迁移速率与构造隆升历史研究. 地学前缘. 2024, 31(4): 314-325 https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.60

Shujun TIAN, Yuhang WEN, Wenqia WU, et al. Study on the migration rate of the slope-break knickpoints and the tectonic uplift history in the Minjiang River[J]. Earth Science Frontiers. 2024, 31(4): 314-325 https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.60

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基金

国家自然科学基金项目(41971214)

国家自然科学基金项目(41401195)

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Received	Revised	Published
2023-06-28	2023-11-20	2024-07-25
Issue Date
2025-03-21

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