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3种苔藓植物对模拟大气氮沉降的生理响应
宋泊沂, 王明明, 庄伟伟
PDF(3726 KB)
PDF(3726 KB)
3种苔藓植物对模拟大气氮沉降的生理响应
)Physiological Responses of Three Bryophytes to Simulated Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition
)苔藓植物是地表生态系统的重要组分，研究苔藓植物对氮沉降的生理响应可以在机理机制上探讨如何科学合理利用苔藓指示大气氮沉降。以西北地区3种苔藓植物——齿肋赤藓（Syntrichia caninervis），真藓（Bryum argenteum）和尖叶匐灯藓（Plagiomnium acutum）为研究对象，设置0、2、4、6 g·m-2 4个不同氮素处理梯度（分别计为N0、N2、N4、N6），研究氮素增加对不同苔藓植物叶绿素、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明：（1）4个氮素处理水平均能促进尖叶匐灯藓的叶绿素a和叶绿素b合成，尤以N4处理的促进作用最佳，而N2处理对齿肋赤藓和真藓的叶绿素a和叶绿素b具有明显的抑制作用（对齿肋赤藓的抑制作用更强）。（2）苔藓体内可以产生脯氨酸（Pro），可溶性糖（SS）和可溶性蛋白（SP）来调节细胞渗透平衡。不同氮素处理均促进了真藓和尖叶匐灯藓Pro，SS和SP的含量，但N2处理下齿肋赤藓的3种物质含量开始下降，说明其对氮较为敏感。（3）在设定的氮素添加处理下，低浓度氮素促进3种苔藓植物的抗氧化酶活性，但高浓度氮素抑制苔藓植物的抗氧化酶活性。（4）齿肋赤藓的抗氧化系统调节中起主要作用的是超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），而真藓和尖叶匐灯藓的抗氧化系统调节中起主要作用的是过氧化氢酶（CAT）。综上所述，3种苔藓植物中，齿肋赤藓对氮素增加最为敏感，其次是真藓和尖叶匐灯藓，据此可将齿肋赤藓作为大气氮沉降的指示植物。
Bryophyte is an important component of the surface ecosystem. The physiological response of bryophyte（Syntrichia caninervis， Bryum argenteum and Plagiomnium acutum） to nitrogen deposition could provide insights into how to use bryophyte scientifically and rationally to indicate the atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Three bryophytes in the northwest of China were selected as materials， and four different nitrogen treatment concentrations（0（N0）， 2（N2）， 4（N4）， 6（N6） g·m-2） were set up， the physiological responses of three bryophytes to the above nitrogen concentration gradients were indicated by measuring the contents of chlorophyll， osmotic regulators and antioxidant enzyme activities. The results showed that：（1）P. acutum of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b was promoted by 4 nitrogen treatments， especially by N4 treatment. However， N2 had significant inhibitory effects on chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of B. argenteum and S. caninervis. （2）Proline（Pro）， soluble sugar（SS） and soluble protein（SP） were produced in bryophytes to regulate cell osmotic balance. The contents of Pro， SS and SP in B. argenteum and P. acutum all increased under different nitrogen concentrations， but the contents of Pro， SS and SP in mosses decreased under low nitrogen treatment， indicating S. caninervis were more sensitive to N. （3）under the given nitrogen addition treatment， the antioxidant enzyme activities of three bryophytes were promoted by low concentration of nitrogen， but inhibited by high concentration of nitrogen. （4）SOD and CAT played major role in the regulation of the antioxidant system in S. caninervis， B. argenteum and P. acutum， respectively. In conclusion， S. caninervis was the most sensitive to nitrogen increase of the three bryophytes， followed by P. acutum. And B. argenteum， suggesting that S. caninervis could be used as an indicator plant for atmospheric nitrogen deposition.
氮沉降 / 苔藓植物 / 叶绿素 / 渗透调节物质 / 抗氧化酶
N deposition / bryophytes / chlorophyll / osmotic-regulating substances / antioxidant enzymes
Q915.815
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