探究多壁碳纳米管在水蕨配子体发育及孢子体产生中的作用，以期为濒危蕨类植物的保护和繁育奠定基础。以蕨类模式植物水蕨（Ceratopteris thalictroides）为供试材料，设置0（对照）、0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0 mg·L^-1多壁碳纳米管5个处理组，采用光学显微镜观察不同质量浓度多壁碳纳米管对水蕨配子体发育及孢子体产生的影响。结果显示：与对照组相比，0.5~2.5 mg·L^-1多壁碳纳米管处理可使水蕨孢子萌发提前约15 d，其中，0.5 mg·L^-1多壁碳纳米管对水蕨孢子萌发的促进效果最好，0.5~1.5 mg·L^-1多壁碳纳米管对丝状体和片状体产生的促进效果最好，2.5 mg·L^-1多壁碳纳米管对原叶体和孢子体产生的促进效果最好。高质量浓度（5.0 mg·L^-1）多壁碳纳米管处理会导致部分配子体出现畸形，精子器退化，细胞中叶绿体出现失绿现象，部分发育出的孢子体上的细胞也出现叶绿体失绿等衰退现象。此外，多壁碳纳米管的加入促进了水蕨雄配子体的产生。综上所述，0.5~ 2.5 mg·L^-1多壁碳纳米管处理可以明显促进水蕨配子体发育和孢子体的产生，且精子器数量明显增多，有雌雄同株和雌雄异株配子体同时出现，高质量浓度多壁碳纳米管处理会使水蕨配子体发育出现“高浓度抑制”现象，在实际应用过程中应根据具体的需要选择相应的添加量。

To explore the effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in gametophyte development and sporophyte production of Ceratopteris thalictroides， and to lay a foundation for conservation and breeding of endangered ferns.C. thalictroides was used as material， and five treatment group of 0（the control）， 0.5， 1.0， 2.5， 5.0 mg·L^-1 was set，and the effects of different mass concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on gametophyte development and sporophyte formation of C. thalictroides were observed by light microscope. The results showed that compared with the control group， 0.5-2.5 mg·L^-1 multi-walled carbon nanotube treatment could advance spore germination by about 15 d， among them， 0.5 mg·L^-1 multi-walled carbon nanotubes had the best effect on spore germination， 0.5-1.5 mg·L^-1 multi-walled carbon nanotubes had the best effect on protonema and plate formation， and 2.5 mg·L^-1 multi-walled carbon nanotubes had the best effect on prothallus and sporophyte formation. High mass concentration （5.0 mg·L^-1） of multi-walled carbon nanotubes led to deformity of some gametophytes， and spermogonium degradation， chlorosis of chloroplasts in cells， and chlorosis of chloroplasts in some cells on the developing sporophytes cells. In addition， male gametophytes was promoted by the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotube. In conclusion，0.5-2.5 mg·L^-1 multi-walled carbon nanotube treatment might significantly promote gametophyte development and sporophyte production of C. thalictroides， and the number of spermogonium increased significantly， and both monoecious and dioecious gametophytes appeared simultaneously， high mass concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotube treatment might result in‘high concentration inhibition’ of gametophyte development of C. thalictroides. In the process of practical application， the corresponding addition amount should be selected based on the specific need.