Breeding season is the essential phase of avian life history. Understanding the avian species di-versity and population dynamics during the breeding season is critical to bird conservation. From 2016 to 2020, a systematic survey of avian species diversity was conducted in Daweishan of Liuyang City, Hunan Province, by using the line transect method in May and July each year. A total of 100 avian species were recorded belonging to 10 orders and 38 families. Among them, there are 73 species of resident birds, 22 species of summer migrants, 2 species of winter migrants, and 3 species of passing birds. There is one species that is ranked as the national first-class protected wildlife, named Elliot’s pheasant (Syrmaticus ellioti), and 12 species that are ranked as the national second-class protected wildlife, including silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), black baza (Aviceda leuphotes), red-billed leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea). From 2016 to 2020, there were 64, 68, 63, 56, and 57 species of birds recorded successively in field. The Shannon-Wiener index for bird communities was the highest in 2018 (3.421) and the lowest in 2020 (3.062). Meanwhile, avian species composition changed more frequently year by year, with the inter-annual turnover rates of 77.27%, 81.68%, 84.87%, and 94.69%, respectively. The average diversity indexes of bird communities in May were slightly higher than those in July. The mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest and brushwood were the most important habitats for breeding birds in Daweishan. Among these habitats, the mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest had both the highest Shannon-Wiener index (2.943±0.146) and Pielou index (0.850±0.020) of bird commu-nities. The results demonstrated that Daweishan had abundant resources of breeding birds and high species diversity. However, the turnover rates of species composition in avian communites were high, and avian species diversity in this mountain showed a large fluctuation of dynamic changes and a certain trend of de-cline, which should be paid attention to by the local wildlife management department.