免疫细胞一直被认为是维持机体平衡的重要调节因子, 对肿瘤浸润免疫细胞进行量化分析有望揭示免疫系统在肿瘤中的多方面作用。本文总结了量化肿瘤浸润免疫细胞的计算方法及相关的分析工具, 包括基于标志基因富集分析方法和反卷积分析方法开发的算法模型与工具, 列举了它们在揭示疾病发病机制以及药物治疗反应、确定肿瘤潜在生物标志物、辨别肿瘤免疫分型中的应用, 提出了它们当前存在的局限性, 并针对这些局限性问题进行了分析和展望, 以促进该领域的发展。

Immune cells have long been recognized as important regulators for the maintenance of balance in the body system. Quantitative analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells is expected to reveal the multi-faceted roles of the immune system in tumors. This review summarized computational methods for quantifying tumor-infiltrating immune cells from tumor tissues, including algorithm models and tools based on marker gene enrichment analysis and deconvolution method, and presented their application in revealing disease pathogenesis and drug response, potential tumor biomarkers, and cancer immunophenotyping. In addition, current limitations of these computational methods were aslo pointed out and analyzed, hoping to promote their development.