异型花是青藏高原特有的一年生草本植物。为了更好地利用和保护这一重要的植物资源, 本研究开发了异型花的多态性微卫星标记。首先, 基于限制性位点相关DNA测序(RAD-seq)技术, 开发了异型花14个多态性微卫星位点和2个单态性微卫星位点的引物; 随后, 对异型花的3个自然居群的57个个体的14个位点进行了分析。结果显示: 14个位点观察到的等位基因数为4~7个, 平均为5.071个; 期望杂合度范围为0.003~0.312 (平均值为0.194), 而观测杂合度范围为0~0.281 (平均值为0.047)。其中, 仅有3对引物在龙胆科的椭圆叶花锚中具有通用性。本研究开发的多态标记对研究异型花种群结构和遗传多样性具有重要意义。

Sinoswertia tetraptera (Maximowicz) T. N. Ho, S. W. Liu & J. Q. Liu is an annual herb endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Here, microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) markers for S. tetraptera were developed in order to better utilize and protect this essential medicinal plant resource. Primers for 14 polymorphic and 2 monomorphic microsatellite loci were obtained based on restriction site-associated DNA se-quencing (RAD-seq). The 14 polymorphic loci were further investigated in 57 individuals from three natural populations of S. tetraptera. The number of alleles observed for these 14 loci ranged from 4 to 7 (mean: 5.071). The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.003 to 0.312 (mean: 0.194), while the observed heterozy-gosity ranged from 0 to 0.281 (mean: 0.047). Three primers showed transferability to Halenia elliptica, a mem-ber of the subtribe Swertiinae (Gentianaceae). These polymorphic markers will be useful in future research on the population structure and genetic diversity of S. tetraptera.