明确不同地埂植物带间距的坡耕地土壤持水能力和土壤结构的空间分布特征，为东北黑土区地埂植物带及坡耕地水土保持措施的优化提供科学依据。选取修筑地埂植物带的坡耕地（地埂1为埂带间距为12.5 m；地埂2为埂带间距为19.5 m）为研究对象，以坡耕地为对照，采用空间均匀布点取样法获取表层（0~15 cm）土壤的基本物理性质指标，量化不同地埂植物带间距的坡耕地土壤持水能力和土壤结构的空间分布特征差异。结果表明，在坡耕地修筑地埂后，土壤的总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、饱和持水量、田间持水量和毛管持水量均显著增加，且在整个坡面上分布相对均匀。此外，地埂1土壤的总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、饱和持水量、田间持水量、毛管持水量是地埂2的0.96~1.11、1.21~1.31、1.03~1.25、1.22~1.78、1.33~1.52倍。地埂样地机械稳定团聚体质量分数、平均重量直径、水稳性团聚体质量分数、几何平均直径在所有4个田面都有显著性提高，是无措施坡耕地的1.01~1.15、0.94~1.61、1~1.17、1.05~1.55倍，表明修筑地埂后的坡耕地较无措施的对照样地能够有效改善土壤结构。地埂1土壤机械稳定团聚体质量分数、平均重量直径、水稳性团聚体质量分数、几何平均直径是地埂2的1.08~1.14、0.95~1.28、1.07~1.15、1.14~1.40倍。修筑地埂可以改善土壤持水能力和土壤结构特征，较小的地埂间距改善作用更为显著。

This study aims to clarify the spatial distribution characteristics of ridge plant belts on soil water-holding capacity and soil structure in sloping farmland， providing a scientific basis for optimizing ridge plant belt configurations and soil and water conservation measures in Northeast China's black soil region. Sloping farmland with ridge plant belts was selected as the research object （Ridge 1：ridge spacing of 12.5 m； Ridge 2：ridge spacing of 19.5 m）， and sloping farmland was selected as the control. The uniform spatial point sampling method was obtained using basic physical property indicators in the surface layer （0-15 cm）， and to quantify the differences in the spatial distribution characteristics of soil water-holding capacity and soil structure in sloping farmland with different spacing of ridge plant belts. The result showed that， the sloping farmland with ridge construction showed a significant increase in total porosity， capillary porosity， saturated water-holding capacity， field capacity， and capillary water-holding capacity， with a relatively uniform distribution across the slope. In addition， compared to the Ridge 2， the soil of Ridge 1 showed an increase of 0.96-1.11 times in total porosity， 1.21-1.31 times in capillary porosity， 1.03-1.25 times in saturated water-holding capacity， 1.22-1.78 times in field capacity， and 1.33-1.52 times in capillary water-holding capacity， respectively. The soil mechanical stable aggregate mass fraction， MWD （mean weight diameter）， water-stable aggregate mass fraction， and GMD （geometric mean diameter） in the sloping farmland with ridge showed significant improvements across all fields. Compared to the controls， the sloping farmland with ridge increased by 1.01-1.15 times， 0.94-1.61 times， 1-1.17 times， and 1.05-1.55 times， respectively. This indicated that the sloping farmland with ridge effectively improved soil structure compared to the control. Moreover， compared to the sloping farmland with Ridge 2， the soil mechanical stable aggregate mass fraction， MWD， water-stable aggregate mass fraction， and GMD in the sloping farmland with Ridge 1 increased by 1.08-1.14 times， 0.95-1.28 times， 1.07-1.15 times， and 1.14-1.40 times， respectively. Constructing ridges can improve water-holding capacity and soil structure characteristics， with a more significant improvement effect observed in relatively small distances smaller distances between ridges.