为拓宽非线性能量阱（nonlinear energy sink，NES）的频率变化范围，基于负刚度原理，通过预压弹簧构造负刚度系统，设计水平向的负刚度NES减震器。利用ABAQUS有限元软件对负刚度NES减震器进行数值模拟，在导杆无摩擦且弹簧不发生侧向屈曲的状态下，分析弹簧行程长宽比、预压缩量、刚度和阻尼比对负刚度NES减震器抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明：在固定弹簧行程长宽比的条件下，增加弹簧的预压缩量，可提高减震器的抗震性能；在固定弹簧预压缩量的条件下，随着弹簧行程长宽比的增大，减震器的承载力逐渐减小，抗震性能下降；弹簧刚度和阻尼比的增加可显著增大减震器的承载力，提高抗震性能。研究结果为负刚度NES减震器的工程应用提供参考。

In order to broaden the frequency variation range of nonlinear energy sink (NES), based on the principle of negative stiffness, a negative stiffness system is constructed by pre-compression springs, and a horizontal negative stiffness NES shock absorber is designed. Numerical simulation of negative stiffness NES shock absorber using ABAQUS finite element software to analyze the effects of length-width ratio of spring stroke, pre-compression, stiffness and damping ratio on the seismic performance of negative stiffness NES shock absorber in the state of no friction on the guide rod and no lateral buckling of the spring. The results show that increasing the pre-compression of the spring can improve the seismic performance of the shock absorber under the condition of fixed length-width ratio of spring stroke; under the condition of fixed spring pre-compression, as the length-width ratio of spring stroke increases, the bearing capacity of the shock absorber gradually decreases, and the seismic performance decreases. The increase in spring rate and damping ratio can significantly increase the bearing capacity of the shock absorber and improve the seismic performance. The research results provide a reference for the engineering application of negative stiffness NES.