Research progress in role of host and viral F-Box proteins in process of viral infection

Mingxiu XU, Chen HUAN

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J Jilin Univ Med Ed ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1) : 245-254. DOI: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20250130
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Research progress in role of host and viral F-Box proteins in process of viral infection

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Abstract

The F-Box protein family is one kind of proteins containing the F-Box domain， which are together with S-phase kinase associated protein 1（SKP1）， Cullin1， and ring box protein 1（RBX1） to form the SKP1-CUL1-F-Box（SCF） E3 ubiquitin ligase complex； this complex mediates substrate ubiquitination modification and subsequent degradation via the proteasome pathway. The host F-Box protein plays an important role during the whole viral infection. The F-Box protein can regulate the replication of various RNA virus and DNA virus such as human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） and epstein-barrvirus（EB）， and the regulation mechanisms are different. After the virus enters the host cells， the host F-Box protein can regulate the stability and degradation of the key proteins during virus replication， enhance the immune response of host cells after virus infection， and inhibit the virus replication. Some F-Box proteins can assist the virus in completing the replication cycle by degrading the host restriction factors and inhibiting the virus activation and the interferon signaling pathway. The viruses also degradade the host factors and promote their own replication by encoding proteins containing the F-Box domain to bind to host SKP1， Cullin1， and RBX1 proteins. There are significant differences in the role of F-Box protein regulation during virus infection； one F-Box protein can regulate the replication of multiple viruses， and one virus can also be regulated by multiple F-Box proteins. This study systematically reviews the role of F-Box proteins in the process of viral infection from the perspectives of host F-Box proteins and viral F-Box proteins， and further explores the significance and potential value of F-Box proteins as targets for developing novel antiviral drugs.

Key words

F-Box protein / Virus / Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway / S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 / Ring box protein 1

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Mingxiu XU , Chen HUAN. Research progress in role of host and viral F-Box proteins in process of viral infection. Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition). 2025, 51(1): 245-254 https://doi.org/10.13481/j.1671-587X.20250130

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