PDF(450 KB)
Research progress in formation mechanism of keratinized gingiva and incremental transplant material
Yaru SHI,Qingyi YANG,Xiaowei XU
PDF(450 KB)
PDF(450 KB)
Research progress in formation mechanism of keratinized gingiva and incremental transplant material
)Keratinized gingiva plays an important role in maintaining the health of the periodontal tissue，however， the specific mechanism of its formation is not fully understood. The differentiation of oral epithelial cells is determined by genetics，but the type of epithelium is also influenced by the underlying connective tissue and periodontal ligament，and the elastic fibers in the connective tissue has an important indirect effect on maintaining the epithelial phenotype. Due to the unclear formation mechanism， the primary treatment method for augmenting keratinized gingiva is currently mucogingival surgery，and the employing graft materials included autogenous tissues（free gingival grafts，subepithelial connective tissue grafts，and autologous platelet concentrates，etc），allogeneic materials （acellular dermal matrix，xenogeneic collagen matrix， and amniotic membrane，etc.） and the combination of these in the form of tissue-engineered products （using layered chitosan or nanofiber hydrogel composite materials as scaffolds）. This review covers the keratinization process of the gingiva，the factors determining keratinization，and the existing graft materials， summarizes the current research advancements in gingival keratinization mechanism and materials for gingival augmentation， and provides the basis for the further mechanism research and the development of new materials.
Keratinized gingiva / Subepithelial connective tissue / Cell differentiation / Gingival soft tissue regeneration / Graft material
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