Objective To assess the dietary quality of preschool children and explore the relationship between feeding practices and dietary quality. Methods Relying on the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort， 3 177 preschool children were selected as the subjects for this study， and questionnaire were surveyed on their dietary intake and feeding practice. The diet balance index was used to evaluate dietary quality among preschool children. High bound score （HBS）， the low bound score （LBS）， and the dietary quality distance （DQD） were calculated to respectively reflect overall dietary overconsumption， insufficiency， and imbalance. Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the association between feeding practice and dietary quality in preschool children. Results The HBS， LBS， and DQD of the subjects were 2 （0， 8）， 22.19±10.80， and 26.78±9.57， respectively. Only 7.68% of the children had a balanced dietary intake， with 74.73% and 33.99% of overall dietary intake being inadequate and excessive， respectively. Parental perceived weight were negatively associated with the risk of moderate to high over intake among children （aOR=0.79， 95%CI：0.63-0.98）. The higher the perceived responsibility （aOR=1.19， 95%CI：1.03-1.37） score， the lower the monitoring score （aOR=0.83， 95%CI： 0.74-0.93）， and the higher the likelihood that the child had a moderate to high under intake. The scores of pressure to eat were also positively correlated with the risks of under intake and moderate to high overall unbalance in preschool children （aOR=1.15-1.39， 95%CI：1.02-1.63）. Conclusion Preschool children commonly experience dietary imbalance， with inadequate and excessive intake coexisting. Parental perceived weight and monitoring were positively associated with preschoolers’ dietary quality， whereas perceived responsibility and pressure to eat were negatively associated with it.