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东天山星星峡‒红柳井地区二叠纪A型花岗质岩石成因及构造意义
贺昕宇, 方同辉, 杨自安, 杜海超, 刘海鹏, 王京, 贾润幸, 郑文皓
PDF(10723 KB)
PDF(10723 KB)
东天山星星峡‒红柳井地区二叠纪A型花岗质岩石成因及构造意义
Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of A-Type Granitoids in the Xingxingxia-Hongliujing Area, Eastern Tianshan
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中亚造山带南缘的最终缝合时间目前还存在多种不同认识，而A型花岗岩能够为增生造山作用的终止时限提供关键约束.目前东天山南缘的A型花岗岩研究较为薄弱，本文以东天山星星峡‒红柳井地区新识别出的二长花岗岩、石英闪长岩和正长花岗岩3种二叠纪A型花岗质岩石为研究对象，进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、微量元素和岩石地球化学分析.所有二叠纪花岗质岩石都具有高硅（71.32%~76.35%）、富碱（Na2O+K2O=5.67%~9.18%）、弱过铝质（A/CNK=0.85~0.98）和铁质（FeOT/MgO=5.52~21.28）的特征.较为富集Pb、Hf、Zr、Sm，亏损P、Ti、Nb，Ga含量较高（18.2×10‒6~31.1×10‒6），Ga/Al>2.6.稀土元素总量较低（∑REE=77.67×10‒6~271.82×10‒6），轻稀土较重稀土富集（LREE/HREE=2.82~16.26），其中二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩呈现出较明显的Eu负异常（δEu=0.16~0.84），石英闪长岩呈弱Eu负异常或正异常（δEu=0.85~1.20）.二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（273.3±1.9） Ma和（273.4±3.4） Ma. A型花岗质岩石成岩物质主要来源于星星峡岩群，有少量的地幔物质贡献，二长花岗岩与正长花岗岩经历了斜长石分离结晶作用，而石英闪长岩斜长石分离结晶较弱.与正长花岗岩、石英闪长岩共生的二长花岗岩还经历了锆石分离结晶作用，锆石δEu负异常受氧逸度影响较大，独立产出的二长花岗岩还经历了榍石、磷灰石的分离结晶作用.在东天山地区307~284 Ma和273 Ma两期A型花岗岩分别形成于前缘挤压而后缘滞后拉张的背景以及后碰撞拉张环境.中亚造山带南缘的东段于~273 Ma已进入后碰撞伸展阶段，最终碰撞作用应早于273 Ma.
Time of terminal accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is still controversial, and A-type granite in the southern margin of the CAOB can provide critical constraints on the termination of collision. However, the A-type granite in the southern margin of eastern Tianshan remains insufficiently studied. Three kinds of newly identified A-type granitoids, monzogranite, quartz diorite and syenogranite, were reported in this paper and zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating, trace elements as well as petrogeochemical analysis were conducted. All these granitoids are characterized by high SiO2 (71.32%-76.35%), alkali (Na2O+K2O=5.67%-9.18%), being metaluminous (molar A/CNK=0.85-0.98) and ferroan (FeOT/MgO=5.52-21.28). The granitoids are enriched in Pb, Hf, Zr, Sm, but depleted in P, Ti, Nb, with high Ga value (18.2×10-6-31.1×10-6) and Ga/Al>2.6. In addition, these granitoids have ΣREE of 77.67×10-6-271.82×10-6, LREE/HREE of 2.82-16.26, (La/Yb)N of 1.80-21.89. Eu anomalies are obviously positive (δEu=0.16-0.84) for both Monzogranite and syenogranite but weakly negative or positive (δEu=0.85-1.20) for the quartz diorite. Monzogranite and syenogranite rather than quartz diorite experienced obvious crystalline fractionation of plagioclase. Monzogranite associated with syenogranite and quartz diorite was also subjected to fractional crystalization of zircon, while the independent one experienced separation of sphene and apatite. Zircon U-Pb dating of monzogranite yields crystallization ages of (273.3±1.9) Ma and (273.4±3.4) Ma. These geochemical features indicate that the primary magma of these A-type granitoids most likely originated from the Xingxingxia complex with minor mantle component, and underwent a fractional crystallization. There exist two distinguished ranges of 307-284 Ma and 273 Ma for A-type granitoids in the Tianshan Orogen, and the elder formed in partial extension environment during the compression period while the younger were emplaced in post-collision background. The eastern section of the southern CAOB had been in post-collision environment in ~273 Ma, and final collision between the eastern section of CAOB and the Tarim Plate should be earlier than 273 Ma.
东天山 / A型花岗岩 / 中亚造山带 / 中天山 / 星星峡 / 古亚洲洋 / 地球化学 / 岩石学.
eastern Tianshan / A-type granite, CAOB / central Tianshan Orogen / Xingxingxia / Paleo-Asian Ocean / geochemistry / petrology
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感谢中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心计文化老师，河北省区域地质调查院李强、邓邵颖、冯桂星、朱本鸿、白春东、李典，有色金属矿产地质调查中心郑小明、李伟、杨国龙、王宏伟、潘东在野外工作中的支持.成文过程中得到了方维萱研究员、朱更新教授和王行军博士的指导和帮助.两位匿名审稿人为本文提出了十分有益的修改意见，在此一并致谢！附表见https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2022.241.
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