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鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区天然裂缝与岩石力学层演化:基于数值模拟的定量分析
刘敬寿, 丁文龙, 杨海盟, 代鹏, 邬忠虎, 张冠杰
PDF(17918 KB)
PDF(17918 KB)
鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区天然裂缝与岩石力学层演化:基于数值模拟的定量分析
Natural Fractures and Rock Mechanical Stratigraphy Evaluation in Huaqing Area, Ordos Basin: A Quantitative Analysis Based on Numerical Simulation
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岩石力学层控制天然裂缝发育程度与成因机制，同样地，裂缝发育也会影响岩石力学参数的大小与各向异性.受成岩与构造作用的双重影响，岩石力学层会发生迁移，因此，控制裂缝发育的岩石力学层及适用于预测天然裂缝分布的岩石力学层可能不再存在.本文提出了一种采用储层地质力学方法分析构造因素控制下的岩石力学层迁移规律模拟方法.通过野外观测建立三维裂缝离散网络模型，采用岩石力学实验测量岩石与裂缝面的力学参数，编制三循环法模拟程序研究不同尺寸、不同方位的裂缝性岩体等效力学参数，提出了裂缝性储层地质力学建模最优网格单元大小确定方法，并建立了裂缝参数与岩体力学参数间的数学模型.最后，通过不同时期古应力场数值模拟，预测裂缝的密度、产状，实现了构造因素控制下岩石力学层迁移规律数值模拟.结合鄂尔多斯盆地西缘裂缝组合样式及后期应力场模拟的精度要求，确定地质力学建模最优网格单元大小为 28 m；在地质力学建模中，过小的网格单元尺度不能完整刻画单元内的裂缝发育模式.从燕山期至喜马拉雅期到现今，伴随着天然裂缝的发育，岩体杨氏模量总体呈下降趋势，泊松比增大，并且岩石杨氏模量与泊松比间的空间差异性逐渐减小.
The rock mechanical stratigraphy controls the development degree and genetic mechanism of natural fractures. Similarly, the development of fractures also affects the size and anisotropy of rock mechanical parameters. Affected by diagenesis and tectonics, the rock mechanics layer has migrated. Therefore, the rock mechanics layer that controls the development of fractures and the rock mechanics layer suitable for predicting the distribution of natural fractures may no longer exist. This paper proposes a method based on reservoir geomechanics modeling to analyze the evolution of rock mechanics layer under the control of structural factors. A three-dimensional fracture discrete network model was established through field observations, combined with rock mechanics experiments to determine the mechanical parameters of the rock and fracture surfaces, the method for determining the optimal representation unit size of the fractured reservoir mechanical parameters was determined, and the three-dimensional geomechanical model of the fractured reservoir was established. A three-cycle method is proposed to characterize the equivalent mechanical parameters of fractured reservoirs with different sizes and different orientations. The Young’s modulus discriminant index and Poisson’s ratio discriminant index are used to characterize the scale effect and anisotropy of the mechanical parameters of fractured reservoirs, and the evolution of rock mechanics layer is analyzed. The results show that the fracture combination pattern on the western edge of Ordos basin and the accuracy requirements of the later stress field simulation determine the optimal element size for geomechanical modeling to be 28 m. In geomechanical modeling, too small grid element scale can not completely describe the fracture development mode in the element. The development of natural fractures from the Yanshanian period to the Himalayan period to the present has resulted in an overall decrease in the equivalent Young’s modulus and an overall increase in the Poisson’s ratio of the rock mass in the Ordos Basin. The difference between the equivalent Young’s modulus and the Poisson’s ratio of the rock mass has decreased over time.
岩石力学层 / 地质力学建模 / 天然裂缝 / 最优网格单元大小 / 应力场 / 数值模拟
rock mechanical stratigraphy / geomechanical modeling / natural fracture / optimal element size / stress field / numerical simulation
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