针对目前露天矿爆破质点峰值振速预测研究存在模型可解释性不足、不适用于数码电子雷管逐孔起爆条件等问题，通过现场试验记录每孔爆破参数与测取爆破振动信号，结合轻型梯度提升机（LightGBM）算法与SHAP模型可解释性框架，建立了露天矿数码电子雷管逐孔起爆条件下的三轴质点峰值振速预测模型.从测试集均方根误差RMSE和拟合优度R ²而言，LightGBM总体RMSE相比于支持向量机与神经网络分别降低了25.9%和28.9%，总体R ²分别提高了12.7%和9.9%.LightGBM与萨道夫斯基经验公式相比，RMSE在径向X、切向Y和垂向Z上分别降低了63.4%、39.5%和68.3%， R ²分别提高了18.9%、27.7%和42.4%.除方向轴变量外，监测点距离、总药量、最小排距、平均装药长度、孔径与最大孔距为对质点峰值振速影响程度最大的6个变量，其中监测点距离与质点峰值振速为负相关关系，总药量、最小排距、平均装药高度与最大孔距则与质点峰值振速呈正相关关系.

Current research on blasting-induced peak particle velocity prediction in open-pit mines is infeasible for the hole-by-hole blasting operation using digital electronic detonators, and its models lack interpretability. By recording the blasting parameters for each blasthole and measuring the induced triaxial particle velocity, a model to predict the triaxial peak particle velocity is established based on LightGBM, and SHAP is introduced to interpret the variable importance of the model. Regarding the root mean squared error RMSE and goodness of fitting R ² on the test set, the established LightGBM model outperforms the support vector machine and neural network models as its RMSE decreases by 25.9% and 28.9%, while the R ² improves by 12.7% and 9.9%. Compared to the Sadaovsk empirical formula, which is widely applied to the blasting design and safety evaluation, the RMSE of LightGBM declines by 63.4%, 39.5% and 68.3%, while the R ² increases by 18.9%,27.7%and 42.4% in the longitudinal axis X, transverse axis Y and vertical axis Z, respectively. The SHAP values computed from the model inform that apart from the axis variable, the distance between blasting source and monitoring point, total charge, the minimum row distance, the average charge length, hole diameter and the maximum hole distance are the six most influencing variables that affect the predicted value of peak particle velocity. The distance between blasting source and monitoring point is negatively correlated with the predicted peak particle velocity, while the other five variables are positively correlated with the predicted value.