Fractionation of stable isotopes and the carbon-water cycle in Yangtze River

Yaqiong YUAN, Ping’an SUN, Shi YU, Shiyi HE

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Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5) : 409-420. DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.2.8

Fractionation of stable isotopes and the carbon-water cycle in Yangtze River

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Abstract

The karst carbon cycle exhibits rapid dynamic responses and is sensitive to environmental changes. The water cycle can influence the two driving factors of the karst carbon cycle (water and CO2), making it an important influencing factor. This study analyzes samples collected in June and October 2016 from the main stream, major tributaries, reservoirs, and lakes of the Yangtze River. The study examines δD, δ18O, inorganic carbon content, and isotope fractionation characteristics and controlling factors, revealing the impact of the water cycle on the karst carbon cycle in the Yangtze River Basin. The results show that the spatial variation in δD and δ18O compositions in the Yangtze River Basin’s water bodies reflects continental, latitudinal, and altitudinal effects, and varies with the seasonal changes in rainfall. Inorganic carbon mainly originates from the weathering of carbonate rocks, and δ13CDIC values are primarily controlled by the relative contributions of carbonic acid weathering and sulfuric/nitric acid weathering of carbonate rocks to $\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}$. Hydrological processes in the Yangtze River Basin significantly impact the karst carbon cycle. In the upstream permafrost region, soil freezing results in mantle-derived and atmospheric CO2 participating in the weathering of carbonate rocks, significantly increasing δ13CDIC values. During the summer and autumn monsoon rains, the rapid decline in precipitation δD and δ18O, coupled with soil CO2 accumulation and the decrease in carbon isotope values, leads to a decrease in δD, δ18O, and δ13CDIC values in the water. Hydrological processes also affect the “biological carbon pump” effect, which is stronger during normal flow periods, and the stratification effect in reservoirs becomes more pronounced.

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δD and δ18O / δ13CDIC / carbon-water cycle / reservoir / Yangtze River

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Yaqiong YUAN , Ping’an SUN , Shi YU , et al. Fractionation of stable isotopes and the carbon-water cycle in Yangtze River. Earth Science Frontiers. 2024, 31(5): 409-420 https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.2.8

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