
Geochemical characteristics and metallogenic potential analysis of porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan
Jing ZHANG, Tianhu LI, Zhihua WANG, HAIDER Naghmah, Jun HONG, Huishan ZHANG, Nan LIANG
Geochemical characteristics and metallogenic potential analysis of porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan
The paper utilizes the geochemical data of stream sediments based on the national-scale (1∶1000000) geochemical mapping project in the outcrop area across Pakistan for the first time. This study aims to determine the geochemical background of copper in the study area, as well as the regional geochemical characteristics and geochemical anomalies associated with large porphyry copper deposits in Pakistan. The geochemical features of the main stratigraphic units and magmatic rocks within this region were examined. The average copper concentration in the outcrop areas of Pakistan is 23.48×10-6, with a background value of 18.6×10-6. This is comparable to the copper abundance found in northwest regions of China and the Tibetan Plateau. The magmatic rocks related to mineralization in porphyry systems are mainly Cenozoic and Mesozoic acid magmatic rocks, with average copper concentrations of 39.09×10-6 and 28.28×10-6, respectively, indicating that copper-rich porphyries are the main source of material. A modeling analysis of the elemental association of Cu, Au, Mo, Ag, Pb, Zn, Co and Cr has been conducted based on the national-scale geochemical data, indicating that the national-scale geochemical anomalies serve as indicators of large and super-large porphyry copper deposits. Based on the theory of geochemical block, the Pfd (Prospecting Favoralble Degress) and Qm (Quality of Mineral) were calculated and sorted by applying the principle and technical innovation of mineral resource potential prediction. On the basis of the geochemical model of typical porphyry copper deposits, with Cu, Mo, Au, Ag as primary indicator elements, and Pb, Zn, Co, Cr as secondary reference indicator elements, combined with the geological background, four prediction areas for porphyry copper deposits were identified. Furthermore, an analysis of the metallogenic potential of these identified prospecting areas was conducted.
geochemical anomaly of copper / geochemical characteristics / metallogenic potential analysis / geochemical model of porphyry copper deposits
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