High-resolution reconstruction of carbonate compensation depth in the South China Sea since 27 Ma

Jiahao WANG, Xiumian HU, Jingxin JIANG, Chao MA, Pengfei MA

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Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1) : 500-510. DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.1.35

High-resolution reconstruction of carbonate compensation depth in the South China Sea since 27 Ma

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Abstract

The reconstruction of carbonate compensation depth (CCD) in the Cenozoic Ocean has been a focus of attention from the academic community. In this paper, based on the IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) substances data and age-depth models from 20 boreholes at 14 sites in the South China Sea, the paleo-water depths in the boreholes were restored, the carbonate accumulation rate (CAR) was calculated, and CCD changes in the South China Sea since 27 Ma were reconstructed using linear regression method. Results showed that CCD in the South China Sea significantly decreased by more than 2000 m during the basin stretching period (27-18 Ma), while during Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) it became shallower by 800 m. Since 8 Ma, CCDs in the South China Sea and the equatorial Pacific Ocean exhibited different evolutionary trends, with the former fluctuating between 3500-4000 m and the latter continuing to decline from 4000 m to ~4500 m. Prior to 27 Ma, extensive terrigenous input and development of upwelling led to shallow CCD in the South China Sea. The deepening of the sea basin and the weakening of the upwelling caused by tectonic tension during 27-18 Ma were interpreted as the main factors contributing to the decline of CCD during this period. Climate-driven sea-level fluctuations during MMCO led to changes in the core region of carbonate deposition, which was an important reason for CCD fluctuations. The differential evolution of CCD in the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean since 8 Ma was the result of poor bottom water exchange between the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea.

Key words

carbonate compensation depth (CCD) / South China Sea / carbon cycle / marginal sea

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Jiahao WANG , Xiumian HU , Jingxin JIANG , et al . High-resolution reconstruction of carbonate compensation depth in the South China Sea since 27 Ma. Earth Science Frontiers. 2024, 31(1): 500-510 https://doi.org/10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.1.35

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