Gold deposits are significant sources of precious metal minerals and play a dominant role in Northeast China. The region boasts rich rock gold resources with a distinct regional concentration trend, particularly in placer gold, making it a key production area in the country. By systematically compiling previous research findings on gold in this region, a comprehensive summary of resource endowment, deposit types, spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, and metallogenic evolution has been presented, along with indications of future prospecting directions. Based on industrial and genetic classifications of gold deposits, those in Northeast China are categorized into placer, magmatic hydrothermal, continental volcanic, metamorphic, porphyry, superposition, and unknown origin flow types. Rock gold is predominantly found in the Liaodong metallogenic belt of the North China metallogenic province, the eastern metallogenic belt of the northern margin of the North China continent, the Xiaoxinganling-Zhangguangcailing metallogenic belt of Jihei metallogenic province, the Jizhong-Yanbian metallogenic belt, and the East Wuzhumuqinqi-Nenjiang metallogenic belt of Greater Khinganling metallogenic province. Placer gold is primarily distributed along the Sanjiang River in Heilongjiang Province, the east Wuzhu Muqin Qi-Nenjiang metallogenic belt in Daxing’anling metallogenic province, the Jiamusi Xingkai metallogenic belt in Jihei metallogenic province, and the Lesser Khingan Mountains-Zhangguangcai metallogenic belt. Gold deposits in Northeast China exhibit characteristics of multi-cycle and multi-stage mineralization, spanning seven ore-forming periods including Archean, Proterozoic, Caledonian, Varissian, Indosinian, Yanshanian, and Himalayan. With 13 ore-forming series, 22 ore-forming sub-series, and 22 third-level prediction areas, the region displays favorable ore-forming conditions and promising prospecting prospects.